Video CompressionH.261.PPT

Video CompressionH.261 Standards Presentation Qaiser-Ahmed Patel ECE 8873 – Data Compression and Modeling Spring 2004 Contents H.261 Overview Motivation Features of H.261 H.261 Coder Summary References H.261 Overview An ITU-T H-series standard applicable to videophone or video conferencing Video coding algorithm is designed for transport using the Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) Operates in real-time with limited delay Transmission bit rate is at multiples of 64Kbit/s ITU-T (International Telecom Union) Recommendation in 1990 Precursor to coding schemes found in H.263 and MPEG-1 H.261 (p x 64) Motivation Uncompressed video and audio data are huge Compression ratio of lossless methods is not high enough Target networks are p * 64Kbps, 1?p?30 64Kbps (p=1) data rate 1920Kbps (p=30) Covers transmission from ISDN base rate (64 Kbps) up past the T-1 data rate (1.54 Mbps) Maximum delay of 150 ms Coding algorithm is a hybrid of: Inter-picture prediction - removes temporal redundancy Transform coding - removes the spatial redundancy Motion compensation – uses motion vectors to help the codec compensate for motion Data rate can be set between 40 Kbit/s and 2 Mbit/s Input signal format CIF (Common Intermediate Format) and QCIF (Quarter CIF) available Features of H.261 – Source format Bit rate The target bit rate is ~ 64Kbps to 1920Kbps Picture formats CIF (Common Intermediate Format) – NTSC PAL QCIF (Quarter Common Intermediate Format) At 29.97 frames per second with 4:2:0 chrominance sub-sampling (Y:CB:CR) Features of H.261 – Video multiplex arrangement Group of blocks structure Picture – coded as luminance and two color difference components (Y, CB and CR) Group of blocks (GOB) MacroBlock (MB) Block H.261 - Video multiplex arrangement 4 layers in the compressed stream Picture, GOB (Group Of Block), MB (MacroBlock), Block H.261 Picture Syntax (1/4) H.261 Picture Syntax (2/4) H.261 Picture Syntax (3/4) H.261 Picture Syntax (4