铁路论文；LP-GUNN-B（英文）.pdfVIP

SUBGRADE GEOLOGY BENEATH RAILWAYS IN MANCHESTER H.J. Reeves, H Kessler, K Freeborough, M. Lelliot, D.A Gunn L.M Nelder, British Geological Survey Kingsley Dunham Centre Keyworth, Nottingham, UK. hjre@bgs.ac.uk KEYWORDS: Subgrade, geology, engineering geology, geotechnical, Manchester, 3D modelling, ABSTRACT It is not sufficient to identify fine-grained soils as locations for potential subgrade problems as could be done using a traditional 2D geological map. More information is required about the geological structure, lithological variability, mineralogy, moisture content and geotechnical properties of the soil, much of which can be supplied by modern 3D geospatial databases. These databases can be interrogated at key depths to show the wide variability of geological materials and conditions beneath the ground surface. Geological outcrop and thickness plus the permeability and water table level are predicted from the Manchester geospatial model based on 6500 borehole records. Geological sections along railway routes are modelled and the locations of problem soils such as alluvium, till and glaciolacustrine deposits at outcrop and shallow subcrop are identified. Spatial attribution of geotechnical data and simple methods to recast sections in engineering geological terms are demonstrated. BACKGROUND TO APPLIED GEOLOGICAL STUDIES In the UK, studies commissioned by the Department of the Environment in the 1980s and 1990s paved the way and promoted the use of applied geological maps to identify the principal geological factors which should be taken into account in planning for development (Culshaw et al., 1990; Smith and Ellison, 1999). Since this work was completed, advances in the use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and modelling packag