生物质热化学转化制备生物燃料和化学品.pdfVIP

第 19 卷 第 78 期 化　学　进　展 Vol. 19 No. 78 2007 年 8 月 PROGRESS IN CHEMISTRY 　Aug. , 2007 生物质热化学转化制备生物燃料及化学品 王　泽　林伟刚　宋文立 　姚建中　鲁长波　都　林 ( 中国科学院过程工程研究所 　北京 100080) 摘　要 　生物质是环境友好的可再生能源。近年来相关研究不断升温 ,文献报道量激增。本文在现有 文献综述及近期报道的基础上 ,从利用热化学方法由生物质获得燃料油及化学品的角度对各方案进行了归 纳、适当补充及简要述评 ,重点介绍了生物油催化裂解精制、水相重整制备烷烃、超临界水水热制备化学品 3 个领域。 关键词 　生物质 　生物燃料 　化学品 　催化精制 　水相重整 　超临界水水热处理 ( ) 中图分类号: TK6 ; TQ517 　文献标识码 : A 　文章编号 : 1005281X 2007 078119008 BioFuel and Chemicals by Thermochemical Treating of Biomass Wang Ze 　Lin Weigang 　Song Wenli 　Yao Jianzhong 　Lu Changbo 　Du Lin ( Institute of Process Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100080 , China) Abstract 　Biomass is a kind of source of renewable and environmentally benign energy. Recently , more and more attentions have been focused on its research and development with a large amount of literatures. In this paper , the techniques on the biofuel and chemicals by thermochemical treating of biomass are summarized , supplemented , and briefly commented , on the basis of the reported reviews and newly published papers. The contents of the catalytic upgrading of the biooil , the aqueousphase reforming for alkanes and the supercritical water hydrothermal treatment for chemicals are introduced emphatically. Key words 　biomass ; biofuels ; chemicals ; catalytic upgrading ; aqueousphase reforming ; supercritical water hydrothermal treatments 　　生物质是太阳能的快速存储器 ,是环境友好的 果进行适当补充及简要述评。鉴于生物炼制有生物 可再生能源。生物质能的充分利用可以降低人类对 化学处理和热化学处理两个基本平台 ,而每个平台 石油和煤等化石燃料的依赖 ,减少 CO2