历史人类学视域下西北少数民族传统体育文化流变研究.pdfVIP

南京体育学院学报 Journalof Nanjing Sport Institute ·民族传统体育· 历史人类学视域下西北少数民族传统体育文化流变研究 闫　 艺 (厦门理工学院公共体育部,福建 厦门361024) 摘 要:运用文献资料、田野调查、个案研究等方法,对西北少数民族传统体育文化的流变过程、流 变内容、流变的主客观因素等方面进行了研究。 认为:西北少数民族传统体育文化流变是一个渐进的从解构 到重构的过程,即在原始社会时期产生萌芽,到奴隶社会时期发展成型,在封建社会时期得到了一定的发展, 在近代时期发展得较为缓慢,到新中国成立和改革开放后得到了大力的发展。 西北少数民族传统体育文化 流变的主要内容分为器物层面、制度层面、精神层面的流变。 器物层面包括自然地理环境流变、场地器械流 变、古典文献书籍和文物流变;制度层面包括体育运动规则流变、运动技术流变、管理体制流变;精神层面包 括运动主体意识流变、价值观念流变和民族心理流变。 流变的客观因素是地理环境、经济文化类型、项目的 不平衡性、地域的不平衡性;流变的主观因素是运动主体的文化意识、冲突与融合、生产方式、生活方式。 关 键 词:少数民族;传统体育;发展历程;文化变迁;流变 中图分类号:G80 05 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1008 1909(2015)01 0032 09 Cultural Change of Northwest Ethnic Minorities’Traditional Sports: A Historical Anthropological Perspective YAN Yi (Technology Department of Public Sports of Xiamen University,Xiamen361024,China) Abstract:Thisresearchlooksattheprocessof thecultural changeintraditional ethnicminority sportsinnorthwest China,the content of the change and factors that have caused the change.We conducted field investigations.We have found that the cultural change of northwest minorities’ traditional sports has undergone a gradual processfrom deconstruction to reconstruction.The change has occurred in three dimensions:material,institutional and spiritual. Materially,change has mainly happened to natural and geographical environment,venuesandfacilities,classical lit- erature books and artifacts.Institutionally,change mainly includes rules,techniques and management system.And spiritually,subjective consciousness,values and national psychology.While objective factors of the change are un- balanced geographical environment,economic and cultural types,uneven distribution of projects and regional differ- ence,subjective factors include cu