近52年我国各强度降雪时空分布特征_臧海佳.pdfVIP

安徽农业科学 ,Journal of Anhui Agri . Sci . 2009 ,37 ( 13) :6064 - 6066 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　责任编辑 　章练红 　责任校对 　张士敏 近 52 年我国各强度降雪的时空分布特征 ( 1. 北京大学物理学院大气科学系 ,北京 100871 ;2 . 国家气象信息中心 ,北京 100081) 臧海佳 　 摘要　利用 1954～2005 年我国674 个气象台站的逐日降雨量和天气现象观测资料 ,构建了全国范围的小雪、中雪、大雪、暴雪和特大暴雪 序列 ,分析了中国各强度降雪的时空变化规律 。结果表明: ①我国年平均降雪日数超过30 天的地区有新疆北部、东北东部与北部、青藏 高原东部 ,全国只有高原和高山地区的年平均降雪日数超过 60 天; ②我国降雪主要集中在 11 月～次年4 月 ,其中小雪和特大暴雪 1 月 份最多, 中雪2 月份最多,大雪和暴雪3 月份最多; ③在 51 个年度里 ,1955～1967 年度我国降雪处于少雪的负位相 ,1968～1994 年基本为 多雪的正位相 ,1995～2005 又为少雪的负位相 。 关键词　降雪强度 ;时空分布 ( ) 中图分类号　S 161. 6 　　文献标识码　A 　　文章编号　0517 - 6611 2009 13 - 06064 - 03 Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characters of the Snowfall with Various Intensities during 1954 - 2005 in China ( ) ZANG Haijia 　 Atmospheric Department of Peking University , Beij ing 100871 Abstract 　Based on the daily weather phenomena and precipitation data from 674 meteorology stations over China during 1954 - 2005 , the time series of the small snow , medium snow , heavy snow and snowstorm of the whole China has been constructed . The study analyzed the temporal and spatial dis tribution characters of the snowfall with different snow intensity , the results showed that : ①the areas where the annual mean snowfall days is more than 30 days includes the north of Xinj iang , the east and the north of the northeast of China and the east of the QinghaiTibet Plateau . The only area having the annual mean snowfall days more than 60 days are tableland and the high mountains ; ②the snowfall in China mainly happens between November and next April . The times of small snow and snowstorm mainly happen in January , and the times of medium snow mainly happen in February . The times of heavy snow and snowstorm mainly happen in March . ③During 1955 - 1967 , the snowfall