机械类专业英语课文参考翻译_pdf.doc

第 12、13、15、20、 22课的翻译暂时没有。 翻译标准。请放心使 用。 翻译整理于网络， 第一课 Text: It is known that metals are very important in our life. Metals have the greatest importance for industry. All machines and other engineering[7endVi5niEriN] constructions have metal[5metl] parts; some of them consist only of metal parts. 众所周知，金属在我们的生活中是非常重要的，金属对于工业而言是有巨大的重要性，所有机器和 其他工程构造都有金属零部件，其中一些还只能由金属组成。 There are two large groups of metals: 1) Simple metal- more or less pure chemical elements[5elimEnt] 2) Alloys[5AlCi]- materials consisting of a simple metal combined with some other elements. 有两大类金属：（1）纯金属——或多或少的金属元素（2）合金——组成纯金属的原料结合其他元 素。 About two thirds of all elements found in the earth are metals, but not all metals may be used in industry. Those metals which are used in industry are called engineering metals. The most important engineering metal is iron[5aiEn], which in the form of alloys with carbon[5kB:bEn] and other elements, finds greater use than any other metal. Metals consisting of iron combined with some other elements are known as ferrous[5ferEs] metals; all the other metals are called nonferrous[5nCn5ferEs] metals. The most important nonferrous metal are copper[5kCpE], aluminum[E5lju:minEm], lead[li:d], zinc[ziNk], tin[tin], but all these metals are used much less than ferrous metals, because the ferrous metals are much cheaper. 在地球上发现的所有元素中，大约三分之二是金属元素，但是并不是所有的金属都能够用于工业上。 那些金属—我们用于工业上的金属—被称为工程金属，最重要的工程金属那就是铁，铁跟碳和其他元素 结合形成合金的那些金属比其他金属发现有更大用途。铁与别的其他某些元素相结合而组成的金属称为 黑色金属，此外所有其他金属都称为有色金属，最重要的有色金属是铜，铝、铅、锌、锡。但是使 用这些有色金属比使用黑色金属要少的多，因为黑色金属便宜得多。 Engineering metals are used in industry in the form of alloys because the properties[5prCpEti] of alloys are much better than the properties of pure[pjuE] metals. Only aluminum may be largely used in the form of simple metal. Metals have such a great importance because of their useful properties or their strength, hardness, and their plasticity[plAs5tisiti]. 因为合金的特性比纯金属的好，所以工程金属以合金的形式用于工业，只有铝以纯金属的形式被广 泛应用。金属因为具有强