第十三章PreschoodChildNutrition.pptVIP

Preshool child: 3-5(6) years old p188-190 1 Physiological property 1.1Body Gain: Continuous faster growth But slower than 0-3old Boy girl in this period BW 2-3kg/year BH 5-8cm/year Head in body: 1/6 Arm leg: getting longer Muscular increase with bone calcified 1.2 Child’s Body Composition H2O Protein (14.6%) Fat Mineral Bone is soft ossein more lessCa easy to be bent 1.3 Degestive system Teeth: Replacing period milk tooth left(5?4) secondary dentition(7/8?4) Gut: Developing growing thiner gut wall slower crawl lower enzyme activity sensitive taste 1.4 Urological system (Kidney) Concentration dilution weakling ?1.5 Cardiac-vessel: weaking fewer blood RBC Anemia (Fe) 1.6 Brain-nervous: faster developing 3y-old: 1000-1080g 6y-old: 1250-1305g up to 90-93% in adult 大脑皮层比较脆弱, 兴奋过度会引起疲劳； 兴奋与抑制不平衡，兴奋大于抑制 2 Nutritional requirement 2.1 Principle compared to adults Better quality More quantity for kg BW Higher N-concentration Nice happy sensation 3 Dietary direction ? 3.1 Meals: 3meals + 2 snacks 3.2 Principle Soft digestive Better protein with Fe from animal/ soybean Suitable GE Richer Vit., Minerals from fruids vegetables 2-3 cups dairy milk/ soya milk Enough water drinking lower NaCl diet For preventing obesity, hypertension et al §6 Shool child Nutrition p190-191 1 Physiological property Brain-nervous near to adult Muscle bone growing quickly Bone: O: I =7:3 to 5:5 in adult Teeth alternation Sexual system up to maturity Immuno- system/anti-ill increasing Body conformation up to maturity More independent More activity