第讲 The Family in Health and Disease .pptVIP

Topics 1.Family relationships have influence on the outcome of illness 2.Family:Any two plus people sharing life 3.Doctors should spend 15 minutes on every patient,10 to listen,5 to examine 4.Update your knowledge by Internet 5. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013 How cargo(物质) is transported(运输) in the cell  In a large and busy port(港口), systems are required to ensure that the correct cargo is shipped to the correct destination at the right time. The cell, with its different compartments called organelles(细胞器), faces a similar problem: cells produce molecules such as hormones(激素), neurotransmitters(神经传导物质), cytokines (细胞因子)and enzymes(酶) that have to be delivered to other places inside the cell, or exported out of the cell, at exactly the right moment. Timing and location are everything. Miniature(微型的) bubble-like(气泡状)vesicles(囊泡), surrounded by membranes, shuttle(往返) the cargo between organelles or fuse with the outer membrane of the cell and release their cargo to the outside. This is of major importance, as it triggers(诱导)nerve activation in the case of transmitter substances, or controls metabolism(代谢)in the case of hormones. How do these vesicles know where and when to deliver their cargo? New England Journal Of Medicine Which of the followings are top level involvement for the best GPs with families? Provision of information and advice Engaging families in a collaborative way Taking care to communicate medical findings and treatment options to family members Listening attentively to their questions and concerns Understanding of the affective aspects of family relationships Provide emotional support Help family members deal with the feelings Carry out a systematic assessment of family function Plan an intervention designed to help a family deal with its problems Who are there in the nuclear family? Grand-father Grand-mother Father Mother Children Who are there in the extended f