Arithmetic Properties of Mirror Map and Quantum Coupling.pdfVIP

Arithmetic Properties of Mirror Map and Quantum Coupling ? 4 9 9 1 Bong H. Lian and Shing-Tung Yau c e D Department of Mathematics 5 Harvard University Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 3 v 4 3 Abstract: We study some arithmetic properties of the mirror maps and the quantum 2 1 Yukawa coupling for some 1-parameter deformations of Calabi-Yau manifolds. First we 1 4 use the Schwarzian di?erential equation, which we derived previously, to characterize the 9 mirror map in each case. For algebraic K3 surfaces, we solve the equation in terms of the / h t J-function. By deriving explicit modular relations we prove that some K3 mirror maps are - p algebraic over the genus zero function ?eld Q J . This leads to a uniform proof that those e h mirror maps have integral Fourier coe?cients. Regarding the maps as Riemann mappings, : v i we prove that they are genus zero functions. By virtue of the Conway-Norton conjecture X r proved by Borcherds using Frenkel-Lepowsky-Meurman’s Moonshine module , we ?nd a that these maps are actually the reciprocals of the Thompson series for certain conjugacy classes in the Griess-Fischer group. This also gives, as an immediate consequence, a second proof that those mirror maps are integral. We thus conjecture a surprising connection between K3 mirror maps and the Thompson series. For threefolds, we construct a formal nonlinear ODE for the quantum coupling reduced mod p. Under the mirror hypothesis and an integrality assumption, we derive mod p congruences for the Fourier coe?cients. For the quintics, we deduce at least for 5 |d that the degree d instanton numbers nd are divisible by 53 – a fact ?rst conjectured by Clemens. Revised 12/94 ? Research supported by grant DE-FG02-88-ER-25065. emails: lian@math.harvard.edu, yau@math.harvard.edu 1. Introduction For background on Mirror Symmetry, the readers are referred to the reference [1] [2] see especially the articles therein by