Chemical and morphological.pdfVIP

Electrochimica Acta 96 2013 230–236 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Electrochimica Acta j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w. elsev /locate/electact a Chemical and morphological transformation through hydrothermal process for LiFePO4 preparation in organic-free system Xiuqin Ou a,b,? , Haichen Gu a , Yichen Wu a , Jianwei Lu a , Yanjun Zheng a a Institute of Power Sources Ecomaterials Science, Hebei University of Technology, China b Key Laboratory for New Type of Functional Materials in Hebei Province, China a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Lithium iron phosphate LFP was prepared by hydrothermal synthesis in an organic-free system. Samples Received 18 September 2012 were collected at different time spots during temperature rising and soaking period and characterized Received in revised form 6 February 2013 by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, B.E.T. speci?c surface area and particle size analysis. Accepted 9 February 2013 Two precursors, Li PO and Fe PO ·8H O, form easily at ambient temperature. They dissolve into ions 3 4 3 4 2 2 Available online xxx once temperature increases to 135 ? C. LFP nuclei form rapidly at 135–140 ? C and grow fast at 140–150 ? C. The crystal morphology transforms from diamond to polygon plate at 150–160 ? C. The B.E.T. speci?c Keywords: surface area and particle size decrease as reaction time prolongs. The thickness of the platelets remains Lithium iron phosphate Hydrothermal synthesis unchanged within the range of 60–100 nm for each LFP sample. The sample synthesized at 160 ? C for 2 h Morphological transformation and then coated with carbon LFP/C-2 exhibits optimum electrochemical performances that the speci?c Grain size discharge capacities are 162.1, 150.8 and 136.9 mAh g?1 at 0.2 C, 1 C and 5 C, respectively. Reducing the High C-rate capability precursors’ particle size would be an effective way to shorten th