8.写作推敲提炼.doc

第三章 推敲提炼 写作不仅要词语、语法正确，而且要语言准确、简明、生动、得体。俗话说：“三分姿质，七分打扮。”写作也是如此，巧妙运用各种修辞格式，会使你的作文语言文采焕然，瑰丽多姿。 以下是常用的修辞格。希望读者通过学习能恰当地运用修辞手段来丰富自己的表达，加深语言功底。 第一节 语音修辞 1头韵 Alliteration 头韵是指一组词、一句话或一行诗中重复出现开头音相同的单词，简明生动，起到突出重点，加深印象，平衡节奏，宣泄感情的作用。例如： No sweat, no sweet. I promise I will?finish the task?with might and main. A?good?fame?is?better?than?a?good?face. Spare the rod, spoil the child. Penny wise, pound foolish. Good books are childrens real companions, and they are both instructive and inspiring. He is usually sensible but sometimes sensitive. 2尾韵 Consonance 尾韵是指相同词尾辅音在一组词、一句话或一行诗中重复出现，具有悦耳的节奏感。例如： Freedom is the last and best hope of earth. —Abraham Lincoln You can drive a car, but it doesn’t follow that you know the nuts and bolts of the engine. 3半谐音（Assonance） 半谐音也可称 “元韵”或“类韵”。 是指一组词、一句话或一行诗中几个相邻词的元音相似或相同但是前后辅音不同重复出现，它具有音乐的节奏感，可增强语言的表现力。例如： All roads lead to Rome. A city that is set on a hill cannot be hid. 4谐缀 Homoeotoleuton 谐缀是指利用词组或句子尾词中相同或相似后缀音构成的语音修辞格，放在诗歌中的句尾就是通常我们所说的押韵。例如： A little pot is soon hot. There is no security but opportunity on this earth.? I need time to drink but I need more time to think. Thinking is one of the most wonderful and powerful tools we have. A little carelessness can prove to be fatal; a little alertness can prove to be vital. Education is not received but achieved. More often than not, success lies more in attitude than aptitude. Believe and you will receive; Doubt and you will go without. Success is the good fortune that comes from aspiration, desperation, perspiration and inspiration. No pains, no gains. Great talkers are little doers. A?good?beginning?makes?a?good?ending. As we all know, he is creative, active and cooperative. If you want to make progress in your study，you should have diligence and perseverance. An apple a day keeps the doctor away. His grief is brief. Man proposes, God disposes. 5拟声（Onomatopoeia） 拟声是指利用词的发音模仿人、动物或其他事物声音特点的辞格。它可以使语音生动、形象、逼真。拟声中多用名词、动词或副词。 I can hear the water splashing, the bees humming, and the frogs cr