《2016 Compressed Sensing MRI》.pdf

1 Compressed Sensing MRI Michael Lustig, Student Member, IEEE, David L. Donoho Member, IEEE Juan M. Santos Member, IEEE , and John M. Pauly, Member, IEEE I. INTRODUCTION Compressed sensing (CS) aims to reconstruct signals and images from significantly fewer measurements than were traditionally thought necessary. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an essential medical imaging tool with an inherently slow data acquisition process. Applying CS to MRI offers potentially significant scan time reductions, with benefits for patients and health care economics. MRI obeys two key requirements for successful application of CS: (1) medical imagery is naturally compressible by sparse coding in an appropriate transform domain (e.g., by wavelet transform); (2) MRI scanners naturally acquire encoded samples, rather than direct pixel samples (e.g. in spatial-frequency encoding). In this paper we review the requirements for successful CS, describe their natural fit to MRI, and then give examples of four interesting applications of CS in MRI. We emphasize an intuitive understanding of CS by describing the CS reconstruction as a process of interference cancellation. We also emphasize an understanding of the driving factors in applications, including limitations imposed by MRI hardware, by the characteristics of different types of images, and by clinical concerns. II. PRINCIPLES OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING We first briefly sketch properties of MRI related to CS. More complete descriptions of MRI can be found in the excellent survey paper by Wright [1] from this magazine, and in MRI textbooks. A. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Physics The MRI signal