上海市商会发展定位探究.docVIP

色；二是与行业协会存在职能上的交叉，造成了行业协会与商会并存、商会会员分流，一定程度上影响了商会作用的发挥；三是有关商会组织的法律环境缺失，我国至今还没有一部完整的法律对商会的性质、地位、作用、结构以及权益等进行全面定位；四是会员构成混乱，商会会员应该是纯粹的“企业会员”，但实际上还有公有制企业、事业单位等加入商会，这也是商会和工商联的双重身份造成的矛盾。本文将以上海市商会为例，通过阐述我国商会的发展历史，分析上海市商会组织的地位和作用，比较上海市商会与部分外国及香港、温州等地商会在治理结构、运作机制以及服务职能等方面的异同点，探讨商会应有的职能定位。并就上海市商会现存的问题提出政策建议。关键字：商会，工商联，发展定位IITHESTUDYOFSHANGHACHAMBEROFCOMMERCEDEVELOPMENTANDPOSITIONINGABSTRACTWiththedevelopmentofChineseprivateeconomy,ChamberofCommerceateachlevelisnowfacingnewchallenges.However,underChina’scurrentsystem,theChamberofCommerceissynonymouswiththeFederationofCommercefromthedayitwasestablished.In1993,theCPCCentralCommitteeandStateCouncilspointedoutthatFederationofIndustryandCommerceisnotonlytheunitedfrontofpeoplesorganizations,butalsothecivilchamberofcommerce.ThisprovisioncombinetheFederationofCommerceandtheChamberofCommercetogether,therefore,insomegovernmentdocumentstheFederationofCommercewascalled“theCivilCommerceChamberofFederationofIndustryandCommerce”,or“theFederationofIndustryandCommerce(CommerceChamber)”,andpeopleareeasilyconfusedbytheaboverprovision.Ontheotherhand,duetothehistoricalreasonandpoliticalneeds,theFederationofIndustryandCommerceisalwaysthetargetofCCP’sunitedfrontbothinthepastandpresent,andtakepartinthecountryandsocialwork.TheFederationofIndustryandCommercehasbeenclearlydefinedaspeopleorganizationwithunitedfrontcharacter,buttheChamberofCommerceisnot.Likevariesofsocietiesandinstitutes,itwasdefinedasassociations.Forthisreason,thecombinationoftheFederationofIndustryandCommerceandtheChamberofCommerce,oftenresultintheunclearfunctionpositioningofChamberCommerce.Moreover,inpracticetheFederationofCommerceandtheChamberofCommerceworkas“twoorganizationswithsamepersonnel”,andalsobecauseofthefuzzydefinitiontotheirlinks,deferenceandrespectivefunctions,insomesensetheChamberofCommercechangedfromanon-profitintermediaryorganizationintofullygovernment-led“quasi-governmental”organization.Shanghaiasaninternationalmetropolis,itsCommerceChamberisalsofacingseriesofquestio