Putting benign by design into practice-novel concepts for green and sustainable pharmacy Designing green drug derivatives by non-targeted synthesis and screening for biodegradability》.pdf

Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy ∎ (∎∎∎∎) ∎∎∎–∎∎∎ Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy journal homepage: /locate/scp Putting benign by design into practice-novel concepts for green and sustainable pharmacy: Designing green drug derivatives by non-targeted synthesis and screening for biodegradability Christoph Leder, Tushar Rastogi, Klaus Kümmerer n Sustainable Chemistry and Material Resources, Institute of Sustainable and Environmental Chemistry, Leuphana University Lüneburg, C13, Scharnhorststraße 1, DE-21335 Lüneburg, Germany a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Pharmaceuticals in the environment are an increasing concern, since the improvement of analytical tools Received 18 May 2015 has enabled the detection of parent compounds, metabolites and transformation products of a wide Received in revised form range of pharmaceuticals. These micro-pollutants might compromise the water quality and therefore 22 July 2015 might become a risk for the environment in general and particularly for humans. Major concerns are for Accepted 31 July 2015 example antibiotics. Antibiotics are used to control infections with pathogenic bacteria. Excessive utili- zation of non-degradable antibiotics by human patients or in farm animals might lead to accumulation in Keywords: the water compartment and subsequently to the promotion of resistance de