清代文官保举制度探究+(付印版).pdfVIP

清代文官保举制度研究 内内 容容 提提 要要 内内 容容 提提 要要 作为一种选官方式 清代文官保举制度确立于顺治年间 由于其激励与提拔人才的特殊 作用 所以终清未被废黜 清代文官保举主要有 诏令保举 考绩保举 劳绩保举等类型 其保举方式有 密保 明保 特保等 清朝在赋予保举人荐举权力的同时 也通过严格保举的条件 追究保举人的连带责任 严惩徇私和滥举行为等措施 来力图规范保举行为 但由于人性的弱点 各种人际关系 如 亲缘 地缘 师生 贿赂等关系仍大量渗透其间 干扰着保举制度的公正性与客观性 保举的本意是为国家求贤 但一些保举人仍以荐举人才为幌子安插私人 培植起自己的 朋党势力 如 和 集团 袁世凯集团 清朝后期 由于各种主客观因素的影响 文官保举日益泛滥 造成仕途愈加拥塞 并加 剧了吏治的败坏 关键词关键词 清朝 保举 人际关系 朋党 关键词关键词 3 清代文官保举制度研究 ABSTRACT As a system of official selection and appointment, the Civil Service Guaranteed Recommendation System was established during the Shun zhi reign. Because its special role in the inspiration and promotion to the talents, this system had been carrying throughout the Qing dynasty. The sorts of the guaranteed recommendation mainly included the emperor decree guaranteed recommendation, the merit rating guaranteed recommendation and the service guaranteed recommendation etc. The methods included the secret recommendation, the open recommendation and the special recommendation, etc. Although the Qing government granted the nominators to recommend the talents, when the nominators abused their authority, they would be punished severely in order to regulate the Civil Service Guaranteed Recommendation System. Because of the weakness of the humanity, all kinds of personal relationships inevitably penetrated the work of the system, interfering with the justice and objectiveness of the system. The intention of the guaranteed recommendation was to recommend the talents to the court, ho