高考英语（天津卷）阅读表达题反拨作用调查地研究.pdf

A Stu dy on the B ackw ash E ffect of N M E T (T ianJin) R ead ing an d A n sw ering P art Z h ang L ili A T h e sis S u b m itte d in P artia l F u lfillm en t of the R equ irem ents for the D egree of M a ster o f E d u c a tio n in E n glish E ducation T ianJin N orm al U n iversity M arch , 2 0 12 A b str a c t T h e backw ash effect usually refers to the influence of tests on language teach ing and learn ing. It is often related to “high-stake’’ tests, w hose resu lts have a m ajor effect on the fu ture of the test-takers. T he N ational C o llege E ntrance E xam ination E nglish T est (T ianJin), as a “h igh-stake” exam for the sen ior h igh school, m ay have both positive and negative effects on E nglish teaching. T he ideal goal of langu age testin g is to have b en eficial im pact from it. T he N M E T (T ianJin) has changed the item of “proof reading into a new question type—R eading and A n sw erin g since 2009，but until now there is few related research of b ackw ash effect o n it. T he purp ose of th is paper is to study th e w ashback effect of N M E T (T ianJin) R eading and A n sw ering on S en ior E n glish teach ing based on A ldereson and W alls H ypotheses. T he participants of the study include 40 teachers, 4 19 students from h igh school, and 102 freshm en from college. T he teachers and h igh school students com e from 5 h igh schoo ls in B ei C hen B orough in T ianJin . 102 freshm en are from 2 un iversities in T ianJin . T hey w ere requ ired to fill out the questionna