linuxLinux简介.ppt

* * Process Disk file Write Read Raw Devices Have traditionally been considered the high performance solution Bypasses the filesystem buffer cache Moves larger buffers than file system I/Os Requires more experienced administration Modular Drivers Loadable kernel modules (LKM) Can be unloaded/reloaded without rebooting Modules provide: Device drivers File system drivers System calls Network drivers Executable interpreters Terminal device (TTY) drivers I/O Modes Disk I/O can be performed in several different modes Asynchronous vs. synchronous Direct vs. buffered Process Buffer cache Disk file Write Flush Storage Infrastructure Direct-attached storage (DAS) IDE, SCSI e.g., LSI Megaraid Network-Attached Storage (NAS) NFS e.g., Network Appliance Filer Storage Area Networks (SAN) FibreChannel e.g., EMC Clariion Linux Clusters Scalable Shared Storage SCSI, SAN (FibreChannel), Firewire (devel.) Must use raw devices or OCFS Network Attached Storage (NFS) LVM and software RAID (“md”) not cluster-aware Linux includes cluster management software Linux Kernel Enhancements Performance Asynchronous I/O Eliminate kernel locks Large SGA: 4 GB Support more Oracle users Stability Graceful degradation under load Manageability (Remote) Crash Dump Facility Configuration scripts Kernel Asynchronous I/O Allows each process to submit hundreds of I/O requests at a time Kernel aio is more efficient than user aio user aio spawns a thread for each I/O request Not available in older distributions On Linux, Oracle is shipped with AIO off Must relink oracle binary to enable it Scalable I/O subsystem Older kernels used a single global lock for the entire I/O subsystem (“io_request_lock”) Newer kernels support per-device locking Requires driver support Most enterprise-class drivers have already been modified Qlogic LSI/Dell Megaraid HP/Compaq Summary Linux is An open-source fully featured operating system Being adopted in the enterprise arena today * * 强调GNU的宗旨是自由，不是免费。 * * If you have ever run an