智能算法在450th CFB锅炉床温-主蒸汽压力控制中的应用.doc

摘 要 循环流化床（CFB）锅炉燃烧控制系统是一个分布参数、非线性、时变、大滞后、多变量紧密耦合的被控对象，燃烧控制难，自动投运率低，实际运行中主要依靠手动控制。本文在分析CFB锅炉运行特性的基础上，针对某机组原控制系统存在问题，对子系统的常规PID控制方案进行改进，提出负荷分段控制，结合实际运行经验，采用智能算法对燃烧控制系统的床温及主蒸汽压力控制子系统进行设计、仿真、组态与调试，并采用参数自整定模糊PID多变量解耦控制的思想力求实现CFB锅炉床温－主蒸汽压力的解耦控制。通过对设计方案的仿真研究，结果表明：该设计方案具有良好的解耦效果，控制系统的调节品质令人满意，并具有良好的鲁棒性和抗干扰能力。 关键词：CFB锅炉，燃烧系统，智能算法，解耦控制，仿真研究 ABSTRACT The combustion control system of CFB boiler is an object that has many features: distributed parameters, nonlinear, time-varying, big lagging and a lot of tightly coupled variables. It is difficult to control and the automation level is low, mainly based on manual control in actual operation. The article analysis the operating characteristics of CFB boiler, in order to solve the problem of primary control system, the regulatory PID control is improved. The load piecewise control is proposed, in conjunction with actual situational experience, intelligent algorithm is used for design、simulate、configuration and debug for each subsystems of firing control system, method of parameter self-tuning fuzzy PID multivariable decouple is used for bed temperature and main vapor pressure decoupling control realization. The simulation results shows that the design program can decouple control very well, the quality of control system is good and the robustness and anti-interference quality are also good.  Li Liang (Control Theory and Control Engineering) Directed by Prof. Yu Xi-ning KEY WORDS: CFB boiler, firing system, intelligent algorithm, decoupling control, simulation research目 录 中文摘要 英文摘要 第一章 绪 论 1 1.1循环流化床的发展 1 1.2课题的研究背景及意义 2 1.3循环流化床锅炉自动控制研究的现状 3 1.4本文的主要研究内容 4 第二章 循环流化床锅炉的原理及燃烧特性分析 6 2.1循环流化床锅炉的结构及工作原理 6 2.1.1循环流化床锅炉的结构 6 2.1.2循环流化床锅炉的工作原理 7 2.2循环流化床锅炉的燃烧特性分析 8 2.2.1循环流化床锅炉控制系统任务 8 2.2.2循环流化床锅炉燃烧控制特点 8 2.2.3循环流化床锅炉运行过程中主要被调量的调节手段 9 2.2.4循环流化床锅炉的床温运行调节 11 2.2.4.1负荷与床温 11 2.2.4.2煤质与床温 11 2.2.4.3给煤量与床温 12 2.2.4.4一次风与床温 12 2.2.4.5二次风与床温 13 2.2.4.6床高与床温 13 2.2.5循环流化床锅炉的主蒸汽压力运行调节 13 2.2.5.1负荷与主蒸汽压力 13 2.2.5.2煤质与主蒸汽压力 14 2.2.5.3调速系统