Summary of Language Points.docVIP

Unit 1 Cell Passage: A Modern View of Cell Structure I. Terms (Words Phrases) fractionate [fr?k??neit] vt. 分馏；用化学方法分离 extract [ekstr?kt] n. 提取物；萃取物 mammalian [m?meilien] adj. 哺乳动物 endonuclease [,end?unju:klieis ] (L.5, P.11) n. 核酸内切酶 exonuclease [,eks?unju:klieis ] n. 核酸外切酶 (exo-: out of, outside) prokaryotic [,pr?k?ri?tik ] adj. 原核的；原核生物的 prokaryote [ pr?uk?ri?ut ] n. 原核生物 eukaryotic [ ju:k?ri?tik] adj. 真核的；真核生物的 eukaryote [ ju:k?ri?ut ] n. 真核生物 nucleolus [ njukli:?l?s ] n. (sing.) 核仁 nucleus [nju:kli?s] n. (pl. nuclei [nju:kliai] ) 细胞核 Microscope 显微镜 light microscope (LM) 光学显微镜 electron microscope (EM) 电子显微镜 scanning EM (SEM) 扫描电镜 transmission EM (TEM) 透射电镜 practical resolving power 实际分辨率 -scope: 观察仪器，……镜 -scopy ……镜检查elescope 望远镜 endoscope [end?sk?up] 内窥镜 (endoscopy [end?sk?pi] 内窥镜检查) intra-abdominal endoscope腹腔镜 ([,intr??bd?min(?)l] a. 腹内的) laparoscope 腹腔镜 Cell structures 细胞壁cell wall 细胞膜cell membrane / 质膜plasma [pl?zm?] membrane 细胞质cytoplasm [sait?upl?z?m ] (cytosol, organelles) 细胞核nucleus (pl. nuclei) 核仁nucleolus (pl. nucleoli) 细胞溶质，胞质液cytosol [sait?s?l] 细胞器organelle [?:ɡ?nel] 线粒体mitochondrion [,mait?uk?ndri?n ] (pl. mitochondria [~dri?]) 高尔基复合体Golgi [ɡ?l?i] complex/ Golgi apparatus [,?p?reit?s] 内质网endoplasmic reticulum (ER) [,end?upl?zmik] (endo-: in) ( rough / smooth ~) 核糖体ribosome [raib?,s?um ] 核膜nuclear membrane 遗传物质genetic material (DNA) 溶酶体lysosome [lais?s?um] 中心粒centriole [sentri?ul] 细胞骨架[,sait?uskelitn] protein-synthesizing machinery 蛋白合成机构 genetic code 遗传密码 nucleic acid　核酸 growth medium　培养基 site-specific 位点特异性的 restriction enzyme限制性酶 breeding experiment繁殖试验 invi:tr?u ] (L.35, P.10) adj. adv. 在生物体外进行；在科学仪器中进行 in vivo [invi:v?u ] adj. adv. 在体内进行 II. Sentences 1. correlation n. 相互关联 (含有一种因素随另一种因素变化之意) (L.2, P.10) 1) correlation between A and B correlation of A with B a positive/ negative correlation 正/负相关性 e.g. Genomic Sequencing reveals a positive/negative correlation between A and B