河北省农村剩余劳动力城镇就业问题分析研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 摘 要 农村剩余劳动力就业问题是目前社会比较关注的问题，河北省是一个农业大省， 农村劳动力资源比较丰富，随着城市化水平和农业生产率的提高，农村出现了大量剩 余劳动力，农村剩余劳动力如何就业面临重大困难。 本文以农村剩余劳动力城镇就业为研究对象，在借鉴前人研究成果的基础上，通 过对河北省目前城镇就业的现状以及影响农村剩余劳动力向城镇转移的因素进行分 析，得出河北省的城市化水平比较滞后，不仅滞后于全国整体水平还滞后于相邻省份 的城市化水平；产业结构不合理，第二产业比重较大，第三产业发展比较缓慢；户籍 制度不合理，户籍歧视现象比较严重；农村土地流转制度不规范，导致大量土地闲置； 就业制度不完善，存在城乡分割的状态；社会保障制度不健全，农村转移劳动者没有 被纳入到城市社会保障之中；农村劳动者自身文化素质和职业技能差，降低他们在城 镇就业的竞争能力，这些因素阻碍农村剩余劳动力向城镇转移。在此基础上本文提出 了加快城市化进程、优化产业结构、大力发展第三产业、降低中等城市落户条件、加 快土地流转、完善就业制度和社会保障制度、加强农村劳动者职业技能培训、转变学 校教学观念等加快农村剩余劳动力向城镇转移的对策建议。 关键词 城市化 农村剩余劳动力 城镇就业 I Abstract Abstract The problem of employment of rural surplus labor force is more concerned by society recently. Hebei is a major agricultural province, it has more abundant rural labor resources. With the increasing of the level of urbanization and agricultural productivity, there are a large number of surplus agricultural populations in rural. How they to be employed faces major difficulties. This paper take the rural surplus labor in urban employment as the research object, based on drawing the results of previous studies, By analyzing the current status of urban employment and factors which influent the surplus rural labor to transfer to urban in Hebei Province. The level of urbanization in Hebei Province is more behind. It is not only behind the national level but also behind the level of neighboring provinces. Industrial structure is not rational, the secondary industry has larger proportion, and the tertiary industry has slower development. Household registration system is imperfect, discrimination in hous