柴油低温流动改进剂的合成及研究本科设计.doc

柴油低温流动改进剂的合成及研究 摘要：本文以十六、十八混合醇、丙烯酸、马来酸酐和乙酸乙烯酯为原料合成一种新型降凝剂。首先以混合醇和丙烯酸制备混合酯，再用混合酯和马来酸酐制备二元共聚物，并考察此二元共聚物对0#柴油的降凝效果。其次以混合酯、马来酸酐和乙酸乙烯酯制备三元共聚物，并考察其对0#柴油的降凝效果，采用正交实验优选了最佳反应条件和单体摩尔比。酯化反应的条件为：丙烯酸与高级混合醇的摩尔比为1.21，阻聚剂对苯二酚占原料质量的1%，催化剂对甲苯磺酸占原料质量的1%，溶剂为甲苯，温度为130℃，反应时间为6h，高碳醇混合酯的转化率为87.56%。二元聚合反应条件为：混合酯与马来酸酐的摩尔比为41，BPO的用量为0.9%，反应温度为85℃，反应时间为10h，甲苯为溶剂，反应在氮气保护下进行，聚合产率为89.82%。三元聚合反应条件为：用正交实验法获得的最佳条件为混合酯与马来酸酐和乙酸乙烯酯的摩尔比为4:1:2BPO用量为1%，反应温度为80℃，反应时间为6h，甲苯为溶剂，反应在氮气保护下进行，聚合产率为85.23%.合成的降凝剂添加量为时，可使0#柴油的凝点降低11℃。 关键词：降凝剂 柴油低温流动改进剂 凝点  Low temperature flow improver for diesel fuel synthesis and research Abstract: Based on 16, 18 mixed alcohols, acrylic acid, maleic anhydride and vinyl acetate ester synthesis of a novel pour point depressant. First preparation of mixed alcohol and acrylic acid mixed ester, and then mixed ester and Preparation of maleic anhydride copolymer, and investigated the effect of this copolymer pour point of 0 # diesel. Followed by preparation of mixed esters, maleic anhydride and vinyl acetate copolymer, and investigate the effect of the pour point of 0 # diesel, optimized the best reaction conditions and monomer molar ratio of the orthogonal experiments. Esterification reaction conditions were as follows: acrylic acid and high-level mixed alcohol molar ratio of 1.2:1, the polymerization inhibitor hydroquinone 1% of the total raw material quality, the catalyst p-toluenesulfonic acid, accounting for 1% of the raw material quality, solvent toluene temperature of 130 ℃, reaction time of 6 h, the mixed ester of higher alcohol conversion rate of 87.56%. Binary polymerization conditions: mixed esters and maleic anhydride molar ratio of 4:1, the amount of BPO 0.9%, the reaction temperature of 85 ° C, reaction time 10 h, toluene as solvent, the reaction is carried out under a nitrogen atmosphere The aggregate production rate of 89.82%. Orthogonal experimental method to obtain the best conditions for the mixed ester, and maleic anhydride and vinyl acetate ester molar ratio