毕业论文_太阳光入射角光电检测装置.doc

齐 齐 哈 尔 大 学 毕业设计（论文） 题 目 太阳光入射角光电检测装置 学 院 通信与电子工程学院 专业班级 电子085 学生姓名 董 建 指导教师 苗凤娟 成 绩 2012年 6 月 25 日摘要 本尝试一种能够自动跟踪太阳光照射角度的双轴自动跟踪系统以提高太阳能电池的光电转化率。采用四个光敏电阻对比所受光照强度，当该板未对准太阳时，因角度差会造成光敏电阻上所接受的光强不同，从而产生微弱的压差，该压差与标准压差送入电压比较器中进行比较输出，得出四路高低电平的信号变化，该变化信号就是太阳方位的实时反应，这四路信号送入H桥电机驱动芯片中，驱动两电直流电机按相应的方位进行位移，当位移过程中控制板对准太阳时，芯片无输出电机进入锁定状态，最终达到实时跟踪的目的。太阳光入射角光电检测装置结构简单、成本低, 受外界环境影响较低，还可以扩展为实用的太阳能发电的自动跟踪系统有较的价值。 关键词：太阳入射角；光敏电阻；直流电机；跟踪 Abstract This paper attempts to design a way to automatically track the sunlight angle of the dual-axis automatic tracking system to improve the solar cell conversion rate. First used in the hardware section in the design and selection, followed by the use of simulation software, simulation and debugging of the entire system. The design uses four photosensitive resistance compared suffered light intensity, when the board at the sun, the angle difference will cause the photoresistor accepted intensity, resulting in a weak pressure difference, the pressure difference and the standard pressure difference into a voltage comparator to compare the output obtained four high-low signal changes, the change signal is real-time response of the sun position, this four-way signal into the H-bridge motor driver chip, drive two electric DC motor corresponding position displacement when the displacement process in the control panel at the sun, chip-free output of the motor into the locked state, and ultimately achieve the goal of real-time tracking. Sunlight incidence angle optical detection device not only as a Demonstration Device, and a simple structure, low cost, high sensitivity, by the outside world with low environmental impact can also be extended to the utility of solar power generation, automated tracking system, a high practical value. Key words：Solar in