园林废弃物资源化再利用减少北京环境污染成本测算1.PDFVIP

园林废弃物资源化再利用减少北京环境 污染成本测算1 刘玉宁 米锋 王瑶 （北京林业大学经济管理学院，北京市海淀区邮编：100083） （林业经济，2014 年第五期） 米锋 副教授 摘要：随着生态文明建设的提出，园林绿化废弃物的资源化再利用受到社会各界越来越多地关注，但 是目前的研究多集中在技术层面，对于其资源化再利用在减少北京市环境污染成本估算尚显不足。本文从 该角度，对园林绿化废弃物资源化再利用减少的北京市环境成本进行测算。具体，在对园林绿化废弃物2012 年的理论资源量进行测算的基础上，运用防护费用法、市场估价法、假想市场法、预防性支出法分别对自 然资源耗减的成本、土地的使用价值、残余物排放成本、环境恢复成本进行估值；同时，应用企业期望收 益贴现法对于可持续发展意义上的污染成本进行测定。结果表明：在其充分利用的基础上，可以节约人类 生活质量意义上的环境污染成本（LWPC）17.91 亿元，持续发展意义上的污染成本（SDPC）4.45 亿元。可 见，园林绿化废弃物资源化再利用对于减少北京市环境污染成本，建设循环经济有着重要作用。 关键词：园林绿化废弃物；资源化再利用；环境污染成本；北京 Abstract: Along with the construction of ecological civilization, the development of green waste catches attentions. There are many studies about the technologies, but there are still significant gaps to analysis the economic benefit of green waste recycling in reducing the pollution cost . This paper aims to analysis the reduction of environmental pollution costs. Firstly we forecast the amount of green waste in 2012. Then we apply the cost method of protection, market valuation method, hypothetical market approach, preventive expenditure approach to evaluate the natural resource depletion, the cost of land , the residue discharge costs and costs of environmental restoration separately ; Mean while, we use enterprise expected revenue discounting method to assess the sustainable development pollution costs. On the hypothesis of full use of green waste, the results shows that the recycling of green waste reduces 1.79 billion costs on the living waste p ollution costs and alleviates 0.45 billion costs on the sustainable development pollution costs . So, the recycling of green waste has a significant influence in reducing Beijing`s environment pollution costs and it is an important step in building recycles economic. Keywords: green waste; recycling; pollutio