碳纳米管的共价修饰有机化学.pdfVIP

2006 年第 26 卷 有 机 化 学 Vol. 26, 2006 第 11 期, 1508～1517 Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry No. 11, 1508～1517 ·综述与进展· 碳纳米管的共价修饰 苑伟康 a 吴 洪 a 姜忠义*,a,b 许松伟 a,b (a 天津大学化工学院 天津 300072) (b 华东理工大学生物反应器工程国家重点实验室 上海 200237) 摘要 碳纳米管(carbon nanotubes, CNTs)的溶解性和分散性较差是目前制约其广泛应用及在一些有特殊要求的领域(如 生物技术)应用的主要原因之一. 对 CNTs 进行共价修饰是改善其溶解性和分散性的有效方法之一. 目前 CNTs 的共价 修饰主要通过两类反应来实现: 羧基的衍生反应和直接加成反应. 介绍了基于这两种反应的几种共价修饰方法, 比较 了各种修饰方法的优缺点及其对 CNTs 的溶解性和分散性的改善效果. 关键词 碳纳米管; 有机共价修饰; 溶解性; 分散性 Covalent Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes YUAN, Wei-Kanga WU, Honga JIANG, Zhong-Yi*,a,b XU, Song-Weia,b a ( School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072) (b State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237) Abstract The poor solubility and dispersion behavior of carbon nanotubes in water and common organic solvents are main obstacles limiting their wide applications, especially to some special areas, such as bio- technology. Covalent functionalization is one of the most effective ways to improve their solubility and dis- persion. Currently, two kinds of reactions are often employed, including derivation of carboxy groups and direct addition. In this paper, typical covalent functionalization methods and examples based on the above reactions are briefly reviewed. Keywords carbon nanotubes (CNTs); covalent functionalization; solu