Tracking character evolution and biogeographic history through time in Cornaceac ——Does choice of methods matter?.pdfVIP
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JournalofSystematicsandEvolution 46(3):349—374 (2008) doi:10.3724/SP.J.1002.2008.08056
(formerlyActaPhytotaxonomicaSiniea) http:Hwww.plnatsystematics.COITI
Trackingcharacterevolutionandbiogeographichistorythroughtime
inCornacea —Doeschoiceofmethodsmatter?
Qiu.Yun(Jenny)XIANG ‘DavidT.THOMAS
(DepartmentofPlantBiology,NorthCarolinaStateUniversity,RaMgh,NC27695,USA)
Abstract Thisstudycomparesresultsonreconstructingtheancestralstateofchraactersandancesrtalraeasof
distributioninCornaceaetogaininsightsintotheimpactofusingdifferentnaalyticalmethods.Ancesrtalchraac.
tersattereconstructionswerecompraedamongthreemethods(prasimony,maximum likelihood.nadstochastic
chraactermapping)usingMESQUITEnadafu11Bayesina methodinBAYESTRAITSnadniferencesofnacesrtalraea
distributionwerecomparedbetweentheprasimony.baseddispersa1.vicarinacenaalysisrDIVA)nadanewly
developedmaximum likelihoodrML)method.Resultsnidicatedthatamongthesixinflorescencenadfruitchra.
actersexamined,p‘‘erfect’bniarychraacters(nohomoplasy,nopolymorphismwithinterminals.nadnomissing
daat)raelittleaffectedbychoiceofmethod,whilehomoplasiouscharactersandmissingadatraesensitiveto
methodsused.Ances仃alraeasatdeepnodesofthephylogenyraesubstantiallydifferentbewt eenDIVA na dML
and strikinglydifferentbewt een na alysesnicludingna dexcludnigfossilsat threedeepestnodes.Theseresults.
whileraisingcautionni maknigconclusionsonrtaitevolutionandhistoricalbiogeographyusingconventional
methods.demonsrtatealimi tation inourcurrentunderstandingofchraacterevolutionnadbiogeography.Th e
biogeographichistoryfavoredbytheML naalysesincludnigfossilssuggestedtheorigni naderalyradiationof
ComuslikelyoccurrednithelateCretaceousnaderaliestTertiary inEuropenadintercontnient
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