不同熟期大豆R4-R5期冠层某些生理生态性状与产量的关系.pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2004 ，37(9):1293-1300 Scientia Agricultura Sinica 不同熟期大豆R -R 期冠层某些生理生态性状与产量的关系 4 5 金 剑，刘晓冰，王光华 （中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所，哈尔滨 150040 ） 摘要：应用冠层分析仪和光合测定系统，分析不同熟期、不同产量类型的大豆R -R 期冠层结构特征、光合生 4 5 理、冠层内微生态环境。结果表明，不论熟期早晚，高产大豆群体的共同特征在于 LAI 较高，叶片在各个方向上 的分布均匀；上下冠层叶片的光合速率差异小，全冠层的光合速率相对较高，从而使全冠层有较高的光合生产力。 结果增加了植株荚、粒数及粒重，特别是增加了中上部的荚、粒数。不同熟期间的高产群体冠层特征的差异在于 早熟大豆的 LAI 相对较低，截获的光能多少对于产量形成有着更重要的意义，高产群体叶倾角小，叶片平展，有 利于截获更多光能；而晚熟大豆冠层郁蔽，LAI大，高产冠层各层次叶倾角大则有利于太阳辐射透射到冠层内部， 增加群体内部受光量，利于产量形成。 关键词：大豆；冠层；生理生态；产量 Some Eco-physiological Characteristics at R -R Stage in relation to t s Soybean Yield Differing in Maturities JIN Jian, LIU Xiao-bing, WANG Guang-hua （North-east Institute of Geography and Ecological Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040 ） Abstract : Digital plant canopy imager and photosynthesis analyzer system were used to analyze characteristics of canopy structure, photosynthetic physiology and micro-environmental factors at R4-R5 stage in different yielding soybean cultivars or lines with different maturities. The results showed that the common traits of high yielding soybean were high in LAI, uniform in foliar distribution in all horizontal directions, less variance of photosynthetic rate between top and bottom leaves in canopy and relatively high photosynthetic rate of the whole canopy to enhance photosynthetic productivity. Thus, pod number, seed number and seed weight per plant ，especially pod and seed number in top and medium canopy increased. The characters of high yielding c