例说英语倒装句结构.docVIP

例说英语倒装句结构 【中图分类号】G523.32 【文章标识码】B 【文章编号】1326-3587（2013）08-0095-01 英语句倒装形式里，将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装；只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。 一、倒装句的意义 适应一定语法结构的需要，主要是指疑问句句型结构的需要；为了强调某一部分，而把这部分放到句首，构成倒装。 二、倒装的使用情况 （一）完全倒装（Full Inversion） 1、在 “there be” 结构里，there是引导词，主语在be后。如： There are 20 women waiting outside the hospital. There will be a sports meet in our school next week. 2、在here， there，now， then等副词开头的某些句子里（谓语动词多为不及物动词且要用一般现在时态）。如： Here comes the bus. There goes the bell. 3、为表达生动，有时把表地点、方位的副词或介词短语，如 up， down， out， in， away，on the wall等放在句首，同时把谓语动词放在主语之前。如： Away hurried the children.Out rushed the boy， gun in hand. 4、表语（常为形容词、过去分词或介词短语）置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”。如： Present at the meeting were professor White， Professor Smith and many other guests. Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people. 5、重复倒装句型，用在以so， nor， neither开头，表示前面所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句，表示“也一样”、“也这样”；nor， neither用于否定句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”。如：I like pop music. So does my brother.My sister didn’t watch TV last night. Neither/Nor did I. 6、直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时，主句中的主谓常直接倒装。如：“That’s right，” said the teacher， pointing at the map. “I do hope，” said Nancy，“ they haven’t all forgotten about it.” （二）部分倒装（Partial Inversion） 1、在疑问句中。如：Is she singing in the classroom？ What does your mother do？ 2、在以never， seldom ， little， often ， hardly， scarcely， few， not， not once， not until， not only， no sooner， nowhere， at no time， by no means 等开头的句子中，采用部分倒装。如：Little did he say at the meeting.Not until then did he realize how foolish he was. 3、用于以only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子中。如：Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.Only in this way can we learn English well. 4、在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were， had 和should这三个词是，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。如：Had we got here earlier（ If we had got here earlier）， we would have caught the train.Were I you （ If I were you）， I would go abroad. 5、So + 形容词/副词及such 置于句首时要倒装。如： So difficult did I find it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. So early did he come to sc