BUSINESS DRIVEN TECHNOLOGY, 2e - StFX.pptVIP

* * * There are three ORDER instances and three merchandise ITEM instances. The first ORDER for Customer Number 1111 (Order Number 1000) contains only one ITEM (Item Number 9244). The second ORDER for Customer Number 1111 (Order Number 1001) contains a second copy of Item Number 9244, but ordered on a different date. Order Number 1002, which belongs to Customer Number 1211, has two ITEM(s) on it (Item Number 9250 and Item Number 9255). * A composite entity called a LINE ITEM (thinking of it as a line item on a packing slip) is created to represent the relationship between an ORDER and an ITEM. * Note the proper notation is to capitalize the table name (e.g. CUSTOMER) and all columns are in title case. * * Composite Entities Composite Entities SCHEMAS Schema - a completed entity-relationship diagram representing the overall, logical plan of a database The way in which the people responsible for maintaining the database will see the design Physical schema -the underlying physical storage, which is managed by the DBMS The Relational Data Model Once the ERD is completed, it can be translated from a conceptual logical schema into the formal data model required by the DBMS Most database installations are based on the relational data model The relational data model is the result of the work of one person, Edgar (E. F.) Codd UNDERSTANDING RELATIONS The word “table” is used synonymously with “entity” The definition specifies what will be contained in each column of the table, but does not include data When rows of data are included, an instance of a relation is created Columns and Column Characteristics Two or more tables within the same relational schema may have columns with the same names When the same column name appears in more than one table and tables that contain that column are used in the same data manipulation operation The name of the column must be qualified by preceding it with the name of the table and a period Example: CUSTOMER.Customer Number, Firs