中西医结合卒中元与普通病房卒中者并发症、精神状态及住院天数比较研究.pdfVIP

目 录 中文摘要 ···················································1 英文摘要 ···················································2 引 言 ····················································4 正 文 ····················································5 1. 资料与方法 ···············································5 1.1 临床资料 ·················································5 1.2 观察项目 ················································11 1.3 统计学处理 ··············································12 1.4 研究结果 ················································12 2.分析讨论 ···············································16 3.存在的问题和展望 ······································20 结 论 ··················································23 附 录 ··················································24 综 述 ··················································42 致 谢 ··················································59 攻读学位期间发表的学术论文目录 ·······················60 作者声明 ··················································61 个人简历 ··················································62 2 中 文 摘 要 目 的：对中西医结合卒中单元进行评价。 方 法：我院已成功建立了中西医结合卒中单元，有熟悉中西医神经 科基础理论和临床技能的神经内、外科医生，针灸医生，心理医生，康 复和推拿医生，还有受过专门训练的医疗护理人员，物理治疗师、作业 治疗师、语言训练师、心理治疗师、医学社会工作者等，能为患者提供 药物治疗、患肢功能训练、心理康复、语言训练、健康教育等优化治疗 措施。本项目将符合纳入标准的 200 例卒中患者按随机数字表法分层随 机分为卒中单元组和非卒中单元组，各 100 例。卒中单元组，由卒中病 房治疗组医师负责，保证患者进行正确的继续治疗、康复及预防卒中复 发，治疗按卒中单元的治疗规范进行。非卒中单元组治疗按传统模式用 一般治疗方法进行治疗。主要观察指标包括：住院并发症发生率，卒中 后抑郁和焦虑发生率以及平均住院天数。4 周后统计住院期间并发症，卒 中后抑郁和焦虑发生率。平均住院天数按实际天数计算（死亡患者除外）。 运用SPSS13.0 软件将以上资料进行统计学处理，证实中西医结合卒中单 元模式的有效性。 结 果：卒中单元组病人总的住院并发症发生率比非卒中单元组病人 降低，差异有显著性意义（p ＜0.05 ）；卒中单元组病人卒中后焦虑和抑郁 发生率比非卒中单元组病人降低，差异有显著性意义（p ＜0.05 ）；卒中单 元组病人住院平均天数比非卒中单元组病人减少，差异有显著性意义（p ＜0.05 ）。 结 论：1. 中西医结合卒中单元在降低卒中患者住院期间总的住院并 发症发生率方面具有优势。2. 中西医结合卒中单元在防治卒中后焦虑和抑 郁方面具有优势。3. 中西医结合卒中单元在减少卒中患者平均住院天数方 面具有优势。4. 中西医结合卒中单元模式是治疗脑卒中的有效方法。 关键词： 中西医结合卒中单元；并发症；精神状态；住院时