船舶结构强度详解.ppt

* Ship Structural Strength, Chap.4 Local strength calculation * * 4. Local strength calculation Response patterns of typical ship structures Primary, secondary and tertiary structure Secondary response comprises the stress and deflection of a single panel of stiffened plating, e.g., the panel of bottom structure contained between two adjacent transverse bulkheads. The loading of the panel is normal to its plane and the boundaries of the secondary panel are usually formed by other secondary panels (side shell and bulkheads) . Tertiary response describes the out-of-plane deflection and associated stress of an individual panel of plating. The loading is normal to the panel, and its boundaries are formed by the stiffeners of the secondary panel of which it is a part. 4.1 Secondary structural response Orthotropic plate theory Orthotropic plate theory refers to the theory of bending of plates having different flexural rigidities in the two orthogonal directions. In applying this theory to panels having discrete stiffeners we idealize the structure by assuming that the structural properties of the stiffeners may be approximated by their average values, which are assumed to be distributed uniformly over the width or length of the plate. 本节参考：Principles Of Naval Architecture Vol I-Stability And Strength，P255 Beam-on-elastic-foundation theory The beam on elastic foundation solution is suitable for a panel in which the stiffeners are uniform and closely spaced in one direction and more sparse in the other. One of the latter members may be thought of as an individual beam having an elastic support at its point of intersection with each of the closely-spaced orthogonal beams. Grillage theory In the grillage method, each stiffener in the two orthogonal sets of members is represented as a simple beam. The structure is divided up by imaginary lines meeting at nodes, forming finite elements which are often triangular or rectangular and plane (but many