飞行器设计和工程毕业设计.docVIP

摘 要 微小型飞行器是于上世纪90年代发展起来的一种新型的飞行器，也是目前国内外航空领域飞行器研究的重要发展方向。它有体积小、重量轻、携带方便、成本低等众多优点，因此它有广泛的应用前景。 本文围绕团队项目“坐地起降式微型器”的设计需要，开展柔性机翼微型飞行器的抗风设计研究。文章首先从简化的柔性机翼模型入手，将突风来流分为三个方向，研究了柔性机翼抗突风的根本原因。然后将柔性机翼的结构分为典型的四大类，通过建立有限元模型，采用对比的方法研究飞行器四种典型结构的受力与变形。针对实际方案的需要，文章进一步采用轻质复合材料，进行了典型构型复合材料柔性翼的对比，并确定最终的设计方案，并提出利用柔性复合材料机翼的预变形来解决巡航升力问题。最后针对选定柔性翼方案，分析了柔性机翼飞行器的实际抗风能力及其振动特性和起降安全特性。相关研究验证了柔性材料的机翼可以增加微小型飞行器的突风适应性，使微小型飞行器能更加适应变化的外部条件，减小外部因素对飞行器的限制，提高飞行器的生存能力。 关键字：微型飞行器，柔性翼，复合材料，抗风能力  ABSTRACT Micro air vehicle was a new class of aircraft which developed in the last century, 90 years. Now is also an important aircraft research direction in both Domestic and international aviation. It has many benefits, such as small size, lightweight, portable, low cost. So it has broad application prospects. Flexible wing micro air vehicle is expected to increase MAV’s wind resistance by the deformation of the structure. This paper starts from a simplified model of the flexible wing. The gust stream is divided into three directions, and the root causes of flexible wing anti-gust are studied. Then the structural layout of the flexible wing is divided into four typical categories, and finite element models of those typical flexible wings were established, and the bending and torsion deformations of these typical flexible wings under a uniform distributing force were calculated subsequently. Comparisons of finite element results show that the longitudinal structural layout is best. In order to eliminate the effect of deformation of composite flexible wing on cruise properties of micro air vehicle, the pre-deformation is proposed to solve the cruise lift problems. Finally, a finite element analysis was performed to validate the wind resistance of proposed flexible wing micro air vehicle, and its vibration properties and landing safety also were analyzed. Research results show that the flexible wing can increase the aircrafts wind resistance, and it makes micro air vehicle aircraft more responsive to changing ex