04章_多组分系统热力学及其在溶液中的应用解读.ppt

解：从实验数据可知pA? =7333Pa, pB? =35179Pa pB* pA* XB=0. 3396 k(x),B p k(x),A XB 1. 以R.L为基准，即pA = pA? aA , pB = pB? aB aA = pA / pA? = 5360/7333 = 0.731 ?A=aA /xA = 0.731/0.6604 = 1.107 aB = pB / pB? = 18012/35179 = 0.5117 ?B=aB /xB = 0.5117/0.3396 = 1.507 2.以H.L为基准，即pB = Kh,x,B aB , aB = pB / Kh,x,B aB = 18012/67623=0.2664 ?B=aB /xB = 0.2664/0.3396=0.7845 3. ?mixG=RT(xA ln aA + xB ln aB)= – 1167J 亨利定律的历史概观 亨利定律的历史概观亨利定律是现代物理化学的一个重要内容，但它却被应用于涉及气体在液体中的溶解度的所有科学分支学科中，这是一个值得注意的现象。亨利定律与近代化学科学一样古老，本文将介绍亨利定律的历史脉络。 请点击此处查看 FRANCOLS-MARIE RAOULT FRANCOLS-MARIE RAOULT (1830-1901) French chemist, was a pioneer in solution chemistry. His work on vapor-pressure lowering and on freezing-point depressions was fundamentally important in the chemistry of solutions,and his fealization that both were a function of the number of moles of dissolved solute contributed greatly to the determination of molar masses and the theory of ionic solutions. FRANCOLS-MARIE RAOULT His contributions to cryoscopy, or freezing-point depressions, were prodigious,and Victor Meyer used his data as early as 1886 for determining molar masses. Raoult built for these measurements what he called a cryoscope of precision, and the accuracy of his work was unsurpassed, agreeing in many instances with modern measurements within 0.0001 ℃. FRANCOLS-MARIE RAOULT His thermometer was considered by some to be antediluvian, but as van’t Hoff expressed it, “With this antediluvian thermometer the world was conquered.” WILLIAM HENRY WILLIAM HENRY(1775-1836) was an English chemist, textbook writer, and translator of Lavoisier. While he was engaged in experiments of the amount of gas absorbed by water, he discovered what is now known as Henry’s law; the amount of gas absorbed is directly proportional to the pressure. Henry committed suicide in a fit of melancholia. * * * * 超额函数（excess function） 加和项中包含了溶质和溶剂的活度因子，可以衡量整个溶液的不理想程度。 当 ，表示系统对理想情况发生正偏差； 当 ，则发生负偏差。 超额函数（excess fu