基于单片机的智能小车的设计与制作教案分析.docVIP

基于单片机的智能小车的设计与制作 摘 要:针对小车在行驶过程中的寻迹要求，设计了以AT89C51单片机为核心的控制电路，采用模块化的设计方案，运用色标传感器、金属探测传感器、超声波传感器、霍尔传感器组成不同的检测电路，实现小车在行驶中轨迹、探测预埋金属铁片、躲避障碍物、测量车速等问题检测，并对设计的电路进行了理论分析和实际测试。结果表明，该智能小车具有很好的识别与检测的能力，具有定位精度、运行稳定可靠的特点。 电路由线路检测电路、电压比较电路、驱动电路和执行电路组成，高亮度发光二级管发出的光线照射在跑到纸上，当照于白纸上时反射的光线较强，这时光敏电阻可以接收到较强的反射光，表现的电阻值较低，而当照射于黑色纸时，反射光较弱，表现的电阻值较高，巡线小车就是根据这一原理作为轨道识别而工作的。 ??? 关键词:自主寻迹;单片机;电动小车;传感器 Based on single chip microcomputer intelligent car design and manufacture Pick to: in the car driving in the process of tracing requirements, the design of the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer as the core control circuit, using modular design, using the color code sensor, metal detection sensors, ultrasonic sensors, hall sensors of different detection circuit, realize the car on the road track, detecting embedded metal plate, avoid obstacles, problems of measuring the speed detection, and the design of the circuit are analyzed in theory and practical tests. Results show that the smart car has a good recognition and detection ability, has the characteristics of the positioning accuracy, stable and reliable operation. Circuit by circuit detection circuit, voltage comparing circuit, drive circuit and executive circuit, high brightness leds light irradiation on the run to the paper, when a white sheet of paper as the reflected light is stronger, when the photosensitive resistance can be received the strong reflected light, the performance of resistance is low, and when the irradiation on black paper, reflected light is weak, the performance of the resistance value is higher, the patrol car is according to this principle as a trajectory identification and work. Key words: autonomous tracing; Single chip microcomputer; Electric cars; The sensor 目录 基于单片机的智能小车的设计与制作 4 基于单片机的智能小车的设计与制作 10 第一章 绪 论 12 1.1本课题的研究的背景以及现实意义 12 1.2课题研究的目的和意义 13 1.3 本设计的内容及意义 14 1.3.1 设计的内容 14 1.3.2 本设计的意义 14 1.4 论文各部分的主要内容 15 第二章 智能循迹小车系统 16 2.1 系统设计任务与设计要求 16 2.1.1系统设计任务 16 2.1.2系统设计要求 16 2.2 系统方案论证 1