基因工程-1要点分析.pptVIP

Micro-organisms as factories E.coli and yeast make good factories rapid growth simple, cheap growth media and conditions relatively simple to transform and select E.coli factories can make: pigments antibiotics Pharmaceuticals 药品 industrial enzymes pesticides Biopharming with transgenic goats foetal fibroblast cells from a 30 day old foetus were harvested microinjection with a human gene for ATIII reimplantation of the single cells into the goat uterus ATIII has a market as an anticoagulant for patients undergoing cardiac surgery world market of US$200 million can be supplied by less than 100 female goats Pig waste management P in animal waste is a major environmental concern most organic P from plant foods (grains) is in the form of phytate（肌醇六磷酸） (myo-inositol hexakis dihydrogen phosphate) pigs and poultry are the major culprits, as they lack the phytase enzyme, hence are poor digesters of phytate hence, they require: supplementation with inorganic P or phytase in feed a means of dealing with excessive P in piggery waste or eutrophication（富营养化） occurs GM pigs from Canada get phytase expressed in pig salivary glands（唾液腺） 2 components: Parotid（腮腺） secretory protein promoter E. coli appA phytase gene Microinjection of 4,147 embryos produced 33 transgenic piglets 14 piglets produced 5U/ml phytase in saliva from progenies, 1 line was procured which produced 2,420 U/ml phytase these pigs were fed on soybean and no P supplement Outcome: all phytate was digested 75% reduction in P in faecal waste Coho Salmon Mud loach 已获成功的转基因植物 植物 至少35科130种 性状 抗虫、抗病（病毒、细菌和真菌性病害） 抗除草剂 抗逆境（抗旱、抗高温冷害、抗渍等） 品质改良、生长发育调控、产量潜力 Herbicide Tolerant Pest Resistant Disease Resistant Increasing YieldsStress-tolerance Health Nutrition Bt crops Fatty acid biosynthesis Golden rice vitamin A = retinol - produced by animals in liver, milk and eggs plants do not produce vitA - but some produce ?-carotene, a precursor for vitA including “yellow vegetables”, yellow endosperm corn and