Sociolinguistics社会语言学课件.pptVIP

Sociolinguistics 1.Definition: Sociolinguistics is the subdiscipline of linguistics that studies language in social contexts. 2. Two concerns: 1) the social significance of language variation and language use in different speech communities including regional, ethnic and social groups. 2) impact of extralinguistic factors on language use, such as age, gender, profession, and social status. 3. Five sections 1). Language variation: general introduction regarding language variation and the situational use of language.①～⑥ 2). Standard and nonstandard language: examine language variation in terms of varied social functions, including standard language or lingua franca (“common speech” role), pidgin (“business contact” role) and its nativized creole. ①～④ 3). Diglossia and bilingualism sociolinguistic situations in which speakers switch between two different language systems①② 4). Ethnic dialect: Black English ①② 5). Social dialect: language use among different social groups in a variety of social contexts. ①～⑧ 研究范围的大小或角度分别如下: 1.Diglossia and bilingualism 2. Standard and nonstandard language 3. Language variation → → → → 4. Social dialect → → 5. Ethnic dialect Language variation Two points: 1. Language use varies regionally, socially, stylistically and individually: never homogeneous. 2. Goal of sociolinguistics: to explore the nature of language variation and language use. Contents: 1. Speech community 2. Speech variety 3. Regional variation 4. Social variation 5. Stylistic variation 6. Idiolectal variation Speech community 1. Two definitions: 1) A speech community: a group of people who form a community and share the same language or a particular variety of language. 2) A social group: besides regionally, a social group may distinguish itself from the rest of the community by its distinct ethnic affiliation. 2. Five points: 1) In sociolinguistic studies, speakers are treated as members of social groups. The social group isolated for any given s