逆境胁迫下植物表观遗传机制研析进展.pdf

生物技术通报 ·综述与专论· BIOTECHNOLOGY BULLETIN 年第 期 2014 8 逆境胁迫下植物表观遗传机制的研究进展 冉莉萍  孔月琴  方婷婷  王幼平 （扬州大学生物科学与技术学院，扬州 225009） 摘 要 ： 植物着地固定生长不能主动逃避外界危害，只能依靠自身的一些响应机制来防御外界胁迫，表观遗传调控在这个 响应机制中起着重要的作用，主要表现在DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰、染色质重塑及非编码RNA。植物在遭受低温、高温、干旱、盐、 重金属、病毒及激素等因素胁迫后，通过调节抗逆相关基因的表达来响应外界危害。综述表观遗传修饰在各种胁迫下的调控机制， 为作物的抗逆研究提供理论依据。 关键词 ： 胁迫 DNA 甲基化 组蛋白修饰 染色质重塑 非编码RNA - Research Progresses of Stress induced Epigenetic Regulation Mechanism in Plant Ran Liping Kong Yueqin Fang Tingting Wang Youping （College of Bioscience and Biotechnology ，Yangzhou University ，Yangzhou 225009 ） Abstract:  Plant as sedentary organisms, needs to adapt their gene activity to the adverse or stressful environmental challenges. Epigenetic regulation accompanies stressful environments, such as extreme temperature, drought, salinity, heavy metal, pathogen and hormones etc., which lead to the impressive development and phenotype variation of different plant species with adaptability to unfavorable conditions. In this paper, the current research status of epigenetic changes induced by stresses, including DNA methylation, histone post-translational modification, chromatin modification, non-coding RNA, as well as the interaction between these epigenetic incidences were reviewed. Key words:  Stress DNA methylation Histone modification Chromatin reshaping Non-coding RNA 植物在长期的生长过程中常常会遇到生物胁迫 调控能力可能会通过有丝分裂和减数分裂遗传给下 （如病毒、害虫）和非生物胁迫（如重金属、干旱、渍、 一代，当再次受到胁迫时，植物后代能够更有效地 盐和极端温度）等不利因素，这些因素通常会阻碍 应对外界恶劣环境的危害 ［5］