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Lecture one Course requirements and evaluation What is Stylistics about?Language is a medium of conveying information and communicating feelings. To fulfill the communicative purpose, people should make the use of language. Considering different communicative environment, methods, objectives and purposes, communicators would opt different language varieties (语言变体) that has different functions so as to perform their communication effectively. The language varieties are what people called “style” (文体或语体). The use of “Style” can extend to all situationally distinctive uses of language, literary and non-literary. As for English, for example, there are many styles of varieties, such as EST (English for Science and Technology), Advertising English, Press English, Law English, Tourism English, etc. In the middle 1970s, many scholars made the application of modern linguistics and literary criticism to the exploring research on various types of styles, thus bringing us a new discipline Stylistics. Stylistics, simply defined, is a discipline that studies the ways in which language is used; it is a discipline that studies the style of language is used. Stylistics and Translation StudiesGenerally speaking, stylistics covers such fields: 1) analyzing various habits of language use to ensure the typical characteristics of a certain style; 2) explaining the reason that a certain style has its own characteristics; 3) classifying these characters according to their language functions. As a matter of fact, different writings have different linguistic characteristics in the aspect of vocabulary, syntax, rhetoric, structure, etc. According to linguists Buler and Jackbson, there are three functions of language: expressive function, informative function, and vocative function. Any original work has the three functions. Just as Newmark says, “The main functions of language are expressive (the subjective or “I” form), the descriptive or informative (the “it” form), and the voca