基于FPGA的多路温度采集与处理系统的设计详解.doc

编号 本科生毕业基于FPGA的多路采集与处理系统FPGA-based Multi-channel Temperature Acquisition and Processing System 2011年 06 月 摘要 目前温度测量主要通过单片机来实现控制，但单片机是基于顺序语言的，其描述过程繁琐，信号采集频率受单片机始终频率的限制，难于实现高速的温度测量且不易在线修改，由于传感器多数采用的分立元件，如热敏电阻，热电偶等，精度很低，远远不能满足实际使用所需要的高精度测温度要求，笔者采用集成温度传感器，是传统传感器和集成电路融为一体，极大地提高了传感器的性能，具有测温精度高，复现性好、线性优良、体积小、热容量小、稳定性好、输出电信号大等优点。更重要的是采用现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）实现温度测量比采用单片机大大改善设计效果，可实现高速的温度测量。 文中阐述了FPGA的实现方法及如何利用FPGA器件实现多路温度测量。由于FPGA具有集成度高，高速、高效率，内部有嵌入式阵列块等特点，易于实现FIFO和ROM，可使整个温度测量系统主要由硬件实现。 关键词：fpga，18b20,12864液晶 Abstract（居中） Temperature measurement is currently achieved mainly through the MCU control, SCM is based on the order of language, and its description of the process cumbersome, data acquisition frequency of the restrictions by the MCU clock frequency, high-speed temperature measurement is difficult and not easily modified online, the majority of sensors used in discrete components, such as thermistors, thermocouples, etc., the accuracy is very low, far from meeting the needs of the actual use of precision measuring temperature requirements, the author adopts an integrated temperature sensor, a blend of traditional sensors and integrated circuits, which greatly improved the performance of the sensor, with temperature measurement, high precision, good reproducibility, good linearity, small size, small heat capacity, good stability and the advantages of large output signals. More important is the use of field programmable gate array (FPGA) to achieve temperature measurements significantly improve the design than the effect of using single chip, enabling high-speed temperature measurement.  Paper describes the FPGA implementation of methods and how to use FPGA devices to achieve multi-channel temperature measurement. The FPGA with high integration, high-speed, high efficiency, the internal characteristics of embedded array block, easy to implement FIFO and ROM, make the whole temperature measurement system consists of hardware. Key words:FPGA DS18B2