光伏发电逆变系统中电力逆变系统及控制要点详解.doc

光伏发电逆变系统中电力逆变系统及控制 摘要 世界经济的发展以及对能源的需求增加,导致能源短缺成为社会发展必须面临的问题。太阳能资源丰富，潜力巨大，无污染，是未来主要开发的新能源之一，而光伏并网发电技术是解决能源短缺的一个重要途径。其中，伏并网逆变器是光伏发电技术的主要研究内容之一。数字信号处理芯片DSP的快速发展，使得光伏并网逆变器的控制算法得以实现。本文以TMS320F2812 型DSP作为控制芯片，对10kW光伏并网逆变器进行了深入研究。 首先本文分析了光伏并网逆变器的研究背景及意义和国内外的发展现状，并且对逆变器的构成、类别、拓扑结构进行了相关论述。 其次对光伏并网逆变器的工作原理进行了介绍，详细分析了光伏逆变器的输出电流的控制方式，即滞环电流瞬时比较方式、定时电流瞬时比较方式和SPWM电流跟踪方式。 随后对10kW光伏并网逆变器进行了设计，本设计包括主电路参数设计和控制电路设计。主电路选用DC-DC升压电路和DC-AC逆变电路的两级电路结构。主电路的设计主要指元器件的选择，包括电感、电容和功率开关等的选择。控制电路设计主要包括信号采样电路、驱动电路和系统保护电路等。 最后采用了MATLAB仿真软件对10kW三相光伏并网逆变器进行了仿真。仿真结果表明：逆变器中输出的电流和电网中的电压，频率和相位一致，功率因数为1，且跟踪速度快，谐波含量少。 关键词：太阳能 光伏并网逆变器 DSP MATLAB Abstract Evelopment of world conomy and the increasing demand for energy, resulting in a shortage of energy and social development must be faced. Abundant solar energy resources, has great potential, no pollution, is the future of one of the main development of new energy sources, and photovoltaic power generation technology to solve energy shortage is an important way. Among them, the volt grid-connected inverter for photovoltaic technology,one of the main research contents. SP igital ignal rocessing hip apid development, making PV grid-connected inverter control algorithms can be chieved. First，this aper analyzes the PV grid-connected inverter research background and significance of the current development at home and abroad, and the composition of the inverter, type, topology related exposition. Secondly，photovoltaic inverter working principle were introduced, a detailed analysis of the PV inverter output current control mode, ie hysteresis current instantaneous comparisons, regular comparisons and SPWM current instantaneous current tracking mode. Then，On 10kW photovoltaic inverter design, the design includes a main circuit parameters and control circuit design. The main circuit is designed mainly refers to the choice of components, including inductors, capacitors and power switch options. Finally，use the MATLAB simulation software 10kW three-phase photovolt