Fabrication of scaffolds 课件.ppt

Fabrication of scaffolds Main Approaches 1. Extracorpeal/cellencapsulation 2. In vitro synthesis 3. In vivo synthesis 1. Extracorpeal/Cell Encapsulation Method: 1. Encapsulate cells of interest in semipermeable membrane 2. Implant encapsulated device or connect ex vivo 3. Cells secrete product therapy 4. Remove/disconnect device when therapy concluded Issues: Potential for undesirable immune response from adsorption of complement proteins (similar to blood filtration membranes) Potential for thrombosis formation (Anti-coagulants used during ex vivo treatment) Potential for rupture of implanted devices In vitro Synthesis Method: 1. Cells seeded in vitro on scaffold device 2. Cells maintained in culture to expand population develop tissue organization (in static culture or bioreactors) 3. Device implanted once cell colony is established 4. Device degrades, scaffold replaced by remodeled tissue 3. In vivo synthesis Processing of Tissue Engineering Devices Design Issues 1. Cell density must be sufficiently high to enable tissue formation, deliver therapy 2. Transportof nutrients/oxygen/waste nutrients must reach cells within the scaffold/encapsulation device 3. Mechanical support -Critical problem for hard tissue scaffolds -Influenced by materials choices processing (orientation of polymers composites) 4. Tissue organization blueprint Cell migration guidance chemical morphology effects (chemo/hapto/durotaxis) Cell Patterning microcontact printing, microlithography Spatial Organization of Muliple Cell Types -most organs of more than one cell type -pattern based on different ligands, ligand densities, ligand affinities Scaffold Fabrication Objective: Continuous, high-surface area scaffolds Encapsulation methods * *