【赢在指导】2016届高三数学理课标版（陕西专用）二轮题型练4 大题专项（二）　数列的通项、求和问题 Word版含解析.docxVIP

题型练4　大题专项(二) 数列的通项、求和问题 1.(2015河北唐山高三一模)设数列{an}的前n项和为Sn,满足(1-q)Sn+qan=1,且q(q-1)≠0. (1)求{an}的通项公式; (2)若S3,S9,S6成等差数列,求证:a2,a8,a5成等差数列. 2.已知等差数列{an}的首项a1=1,公差d=1,前n项和为Sn,bn=1Sn. (1)求数列{bn}的通项公式; (2)设数列{bn}前n项和为Tn,求Tn. 3.(2015广东广州调研)已知数列{an}的前n项和Sn满足:Sn=aa-1(an-1),a为常数,且a≠0,a≠1. (1)求数列{an}的通项公式; (2)若a=13,设bn=an1+an-an+11-an+1,且数列{bn}的前n项和为Tn,求证:Tn13. 4.已知等差数列{an}的前n项和为Sn,公比为q的等比数列{bn}的首项是12,且a1+2q=3,a2+4b2=6,S5=40. (1)求数列{an},{bn}的通项公式an,bn; (2)求数列1anan+1+1bnbn+1的前n项和Tn. 5.(2015浙江高考)已知数列{an}满足a1=12且an+1=an-an2(n∈N*). (1)证明:1≤anan+1≤2(n∈N*); (2)设数列{an2}的前n项和为Sn,证明:12(n+2)≤Snn≤12(n+1)(n∈N*). 6.设各项均为正数的数列{an}的前n项和为Sn,且Sn满足Sn2-(n2+n-3)Sn-3(n2+n)=0,n∈N*. (1)求a1的值; (2)求数列{an}的通项公式; (3)证明:对一切正整数n,有1a1(a1+1)+1a2(a2+1)+…+1an(an+1)13. 参考答案 1.解:(1)当n=1时,由(1-q)S1+qa1=1,a1=1. 当n≥2时,由(1-q)Sn+qan=1,得(1-q)Sn-1+qan-1=1,两式相减,得an=qan-1. 又q(q-1)≠0,所以{an}是以1为首项,q为公比的等比数列,故an=qn-1. (2)由(1)可知Sn=1-anq1-q,又S3+S6=2S9, 所以1-a3q1-q+1-a6q1-q=2(1-a9q)1-q, 化简,得a3+a6=2a9,两边同除以q,得a2+a5=2a8.故a2,a8,a5成等差数列. 2.解:(1)∵在等差数列{an}中,a1=1,公差d=1, ∴Sn=na1+n(n-1)2d=n2+n2,∴bn=2n2+n. (2)bn=2n2+n=2n(n+1)=21n-1n+1,∴Tn=b1+b2+b3+…+bn=211×2+12×3+13×4+…+1n(n+1)=21-12+12-13+13-14+…+1n-1n+1=21-1n+1=2nn+1.故Tn=2nn+1. 3.(1)解:因为a1=S1=aa-1(a1-1),所以a1=a. 当n≥2时,an=Sn-Sn-1=aa-1an-aa-1an-1,得anan-1=a, 所以数列{an}是首项为a,公比也为a的等比数列. 所以an=a·an-1=an. (2)证明:当a=13时,an=13n, 所以bn=an1+an-an+11-an+1=13n1+13n-13n+11-13n+1=13n+1-13n+1-1. 因为13n+113n,13n+1-113n+1, 所以bn=13n+1-13n+1-113n-13n+1. 所以Tn=b1+b2+…+bn13-132+132-133+…+13n-13n+1=13-13n+1. 因为-13n+10,所以13-13n+113,即Tn13. 4.解:(1)设{an}公差为d,??题意得a1+2d=8,a1+2q=3,a1+d+2q=6,解得a1=2,d=3,q=12,故an=3n-1,bn=12n. (2)∵1anan+1+1bnbn+1=131an-1an+1+1bnbn+1=131an-1an+1+22n+1, ∴Tn=1312-15+15-18+…+13n-1-13n+2+8(1-4n)1-4=1312-13n+2+13(22n+3-8)=1322n+3-13n+2-52. 5.证明:(1)由题意得an+1-an=-an2≤0,即an+1≤an,故an≤12.由an=(1-an-1)an-1,得an=(1-an-1)(1-an-2)…(1-a1)a10. 由0an≤12,得anan+1=anan-an2=11-an∈[1,2], 即1≤anan+1≤2. (2)由题意得an2=an-an+1,所以Sn=a1-an+1. ① 由1an+1-1an=anan+1和1≤anan+1≤2,得1≤1an+1-1an≤2,所以n≤1an+1-1a1≤2n, 因此12(n+1)≤an+1≤1n+2(n∈N*