文体与翻译课件.ppt

新闻文体 Contents 1.新闻的文体特征 （一）新闻定义 （二）新闻分类 （三）文体特点 2.基本结构 3.六要素 4.新闻翻译标准 5.译文分析 1. 新闻的文体特征 ?（一）新闻定义： 新闻是对新近已经发生和正在发生、或者早已发生却是新近发现的有价值的事实的及时报道?? （二）新闻分类 新闻有广义狭义之分。广义的包括——消息、通讯 、特写、电视新闻等体裁；狭义的专指消息。?? 消息是指简要而迅速的新闻报道；通讯是指丰富具体而又翔实生动的新闻报道；人物访谈是指与新闻人物进行直接的会话报道；新闻评论媒体就当前重大问题、新闻事件发议论、作解释、提批评、谈意见的一种论说文体。 （三）文体特点 ?? 新闻的特点:真实、准确。要求必须保证所报道的事实确有其事；必须保证构成新闻事实的基本要素——时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果的真实准确；必须保证事实中人物的语言、动作、心理活动的真实准确；必须保证事实报道中所涉及的各种资料真实准确。 2. 基本结构： 标题：要求准确、凝练、新颖、醒目 导语：消息的第一句话或第一段话以凝练简明的语言 主体：导语内容的展开和补充 结语：全文内容的概括性小结 3. 六要素 时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过、结果。“五w”+“1H”，即：“何时”（when）、“何地”（where）、“何人”（who）、“何事”（what）、“何故”（why）、“怎么发生的”（how） 4.新闻翻译标准 译词准确（Accuracy) 语言通顺（通俗）(Smoothness) 文体贴切( 快速迅捷 Original Text of News The government in China plans to end its one-child per family policy and instead let families have two children. The plan was announced Thursday after high-level political meetings in Beijing. The official Xinhua news agency says the countrys top legislature must approve the proposal before it becomes law. A Chinese Communist Party statement gave a number of reasons for the change in policy. The statement said the change is meant to balance population development. It said the move also attempts to stop a declining birth rate and strengthen the countrys work force. China - the worlds most populous country - launched the one-child policy in 1980. But the government permitted only a small number of couples to have two children. For example, some rural families were given approval to have two children. A total of 19 rural provinces have a partial two-child policy. That policy states if the first-born is a girl, a second child is permitted. In 2013, the Chinese government gave other couples a chance to have two children. Families could have two if one parent was an only child.A teacher and population expert, Jiang Quanbao,explained how Chinese families will react to the policy. Too many young people in the cities are probably no longer interested in having a second child,