课题_共振瑞利散射在生物大分子中的应用.docx

共振瑞利散射在生物大分子中的应用 摘要: 共振光散射技术（RLS）是一种新的分析方法,具有高灵敏度、良好的选择性、简便的操作、安全无毒及便宜的试剂等优点。而且，共振光散射的研究不需要专门的仪器, 在普通的荧光分光光度计上选择合适的激发和发射通带宽度, 采用相等的激发和发射波长同时扫描激发和发射单色器所得的同步光谱(即Δλ=0), 即为光散射粒子的共振散射光谱。由于共振光散射光谱属于同步光谱, 可看作散射粒子是能发射出与激发光相等波长的发光体, 故而共振光散射信号属于同步发光。 　本实验主要研究了表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠（SDBS）、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTMAB）的水溶液和乙醇溶液的散射现象。结果表明，SDBS、CTMAB在水和乙醇中随着体系的浓度增加而形成胶束，胶束的散射现象可以通过RLS信号的变化表征。而且，表面活性剂SDBS、CTMAB的乙醇溶液的CMC也可以通过同步散射光谱得出与文献相近的数据。由此，RLS技术可以作为一种新的表面活性剂CMC的测定方法，但能否用于定量分析还有待研究。 关键词： 共振光散射技术，SDBS，CTMAB，荧光分光光度计，CMC  Abstract: Resonance light scattering technique (RLS) is a new analysis technics with the advantages of high sensitivity, good selectivity, easy operation, safe and non-toxic , inexpensive reagents, etc. Moreover, the resonance light scattering study does not require special equipment, chooses a suitable excitation and emission band pass in a common fluorescence spectrophotometer, meanwhile adopts the same wavelengths of excitation and emission to scan excitation monochromator and emission monochromator， then obtains synchronization spectrum(namely Δλ = 0)which is the scattering spectra of the resonance light scattering particles. As a result of resonance light scattering spectra is synchronization spectrum,which are considerd as light emitters of radiating excitation wavelengths that are the same as emission wavelengths , so the resonance light scattering signals are synchronous. The experimental mainly have studied the scattering phenomenon of surfactant solutions about SDBS and CTMAB in water or ethanol. The results show that SDBS and CTMAB in the water or ethanol both fome micelle with the increase of their concentrations,and the scattering phenomenon can be characterized by changed RLS signals .Morover, the surfactant solution of SDBS and CTMAB in the erhanol can get roughly the same results as literature by synchronous light scattering spectrum.therefore,RLS technique as a new way can be used to measure CMC of surfactants,but we need more studies to confirm whether i