第十一章 基因组与比较基因组学分子生物学课件2015).ppt

2.1 What is Proteome? Proteomics Bioinformatics 3.3 代谢组学的应用 疾病诊断 药物的疗效和毒性评价 植物的细胞代谢组学评价 By the end... * * * * Footnote Source: Sources Unit of measures STICKER * Overview of New Research Fields in Molecular Biology 1. Bioinformatics （生物信息学） 1.1 What is bioinformatics ? 生物信息学是一门交叉科学，它包含了生物信息的获取、处理、存储、分析和解释等在内的所有方面，综合运用数学、计算机科学和生物学的各种工具，来阐明和理解大量数据所包含的生物学意义。 1.2 Major research fields： Sequence analysis Computational evolutionary biology Measuring biodiversity Analysis of regulation Analysis of gene and protein expression Analysis of mutations in cancer Prediction of protein structure Comparative genomics Systems biology High-throughput image analysis High-throughput single cell data analysis Literature analysis ……. 1.3 Bioinformatics database Nucleotide database：Genbank, DDBJ, EMBL, et al. protein database：Swiss-Prot, PDB, PIR, et al. …….. NCBI: National Center for Biotechnology Information 2. Proteome Proteomics 蛋白质组和蛋白质组学 Proteome – All the proteins expressed by a cell, tissue or organism at a particular time and under specific conditions. Proteomics is the systematic study of all of the proteins in a cell, tissue or organism. The analysis includes the identification, expression, localization, functions (physiological and pathophysiological functions), and interactions of proteomes. 2.2 What is Proteomics? 2.3 Branches of proteomics Expressional proteomics Functional proteomics Structural proteomics ? Protein microarrays Different kinds of protein arrays 用于构建蛋白质表达谱 进行抗原－抗体筛选 疾病诊断及药物靶点筛选 蛋白质－蛋白质交互作用筛选等 …….. 蛋白质芯片的意义： 是进行蛋白质组功能分析的新技术 ? Functional proteomics (in vitro) ： In silico methods (bioinformatics) Genome-wide gene deletion or knockouts Yeast two-hybrid methods Protein (ligand) chips …… ? Structural proteomics: High throughput protein structure determination via: X-ray crystallography NMR Spectroscopy Comparative molecular modeling Stru