基于超声测距的汽车防撞系统剖析.doc

本科毕业论文（设计、创作） 题目： 基于超声测距的汽车防撞系统 学生姓名： 学号： 所在院系： 专业 入学时间： 年 月 导师姓名： 职称/学位： 导师所在单位： 完成时间： 年 月 基于超声测距的汽车防撞系统 摘要 近年来，我国高速公路追尾碰撞事故频频发生，而汽车追尾碰撞预警系统在道路行车安全中具有良好的发展前景。为了减少周围障碍物对驾驶员的干扰，帮助驾驶员感知障碍物的位置能够提前有效的避开。因此本次设计采用超声波测距系统，作为汽车的安全行驶辅助装置，该系统能够通过语言报警和更为直观的LED显示功能提醒驾驶员注意安全，提高了停车的安全。 本设计的硬件部分主要由主控制电路和超声波发射电路、接收电路电路构成，以及辅助的显示电路、电源电路和语音报警电路等，软件部分则由超声波收发子程序、计时子程序、显示子程序及语音报警子程序等部分组成。由于超声波在空气中传播速度是固定的，因此本设计由STC89C51单片机来计算超声波从发射到被接收的往返时间，从而计算出传输距离实现实时测量距离的目的。该设计的电路设计部分合理简单、操作稳定、性能优越、测距速度快、计算方法简单迅速、容易达到实时监控的目的，并且达到了工业实用上的测量误差要求。 关键词：STC89C51、超声波、数码管、语音报警 The automotive anti-collision system based on ultrasonic distance measurement Abstract In recent years, highway rear-end collision accident occurred frequently in our country, the automobile rear-end collision warning system has good development prospect in road safety. Around in order to reduce obstacles to the drivers interference, help the location of the drivers perceived barriers can effectively avoid ahead of time. Therefore the design of ultrasonic ranging system, as a cars safety driving assist device, the system can alarm through language and more intuitive LED display to remind the driver pay attention to safety, to improve the safety of parking. Hardware part of this design is mainly composed of main control circuit and ultrasonic transmitting circuit, receiving circuit circuit composition, as well as the auxiliary display circuit, voice alarm circuit and power circuit, software part by ultrasonic transceiver subprogram, timer subroutine and display subroutine and voice alarm subroutine and other parts. Due to the propagation velocity of ultrasonic wave in air is fixed, therefore this design by STC89C51 single chip microcomputer to calculate the round-trip time of ultrasound from launch to be accepted, and transmission distance is calculate