主题句的位置及其扩展范例说课.ppt

英语主题句的位置及其扩展范例 广东省教育研究院 黄自成 主题句：为一个完整的句子，用以概括、叙述和说明该段的主题。主题句一般位于段首，也可置于段尾或段中 。 无论是中文还是英语抑或其他语言，我们知道写文章势必要有一个中心思想，而每个段落只能有一个主题（central idea），它用一个句子加以表达，就是主题句。几个主题句的精彩写作不仅会让文章条理分明，更能够很好的诠释文章主题思想，可谓是文章的架构灵魂，所以，写好主题句对一篇文章的好坏有着至关重要的作用。 　　 　　 　写好主题句的方法 1、主题句要概括一定内容，不要空泛，否则扩展句将难以说明和支持它，例如： 空泛：English language is very important. 概括：English language is very important in our daily life. 空泛：The Olympic Games are exciting. 概括：In the Olympic Games the football teams from many countries compete intensely. 2、尽量使用简单句或简洁明了的句子，例如：： 简洁：Collecting stamps is her hobby. 复杂:　She likes collecting stamps which is her hobby. 简洁:　I enjoyed watching Gone with the wind very much. 复杂：Gone with the wind was a good film which I enjoyed watching very much. 　　 　写好主题句的方法 3、主题句应该做到句子完整和表达的主题思想完整： 不完整：How to write a composition. 完整：How to write a composition is not an easy thing to talk about. 不完整：If the weather had been fine. 完整：If it had been fine, we would have had a good time. 　写好主题句的方法 4、关键词是直接表达主题的词汇，它决定段落的内容和展开的方法，引导整个段落的发展，例如： There are several ways to boil the water. The task can be finished in three steps. There is a new method to reduce the cost Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smoker’s cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it? 正三角形写作法：即中心主题句出现在文首。开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。这是英语中最常见的演绎法写作方式。 Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professional criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness