consideration.ppt

这个案子涉及到两个过程：原告与被告签约时，约定了对价。这时，如果是双方自愿基础上进行的，而且不存在对合同内容的重大误解，即便后来原告发现价格太低，也不可以援引重大误解或是显示公平对合同进行修改。但是，原告与被告协商后，被告自愿加价，相当于在双方意思一致的基础上对合同内容进行了修改。这时，原告可以要求被告增加支付金额，但必须承担举证责任，即证明被告同意加价。 consideration 对价 材料收集：范逸雯、李瑛钰 PPT制作： 沈莉丽、卢茜 主讲人： 钱丽珺、刘驰琛 points Introduction Definition Function General Rules on Consideration Exceptions to the Consideration Requirement Reform on Consideration Introduction Consideration is one of the three elements of contract formation in common law, the other two being offer(要约，报价) and acceptance（承诺）. Consideration is not present in other legal systems. Civil law including CISG and the UNIDROIT PICC emphasize the agreement process,that does not include a ‘consideration’ requirement. An examination of most commercial transactions（交易） will show that there is no real issue concerning consideration in most of them. So, this part discusses briefly ‘consideration’. CISG（United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods） 联合国国际货物销售合同公约 UNIDROIT PICC 国际统一私法协会 中国人民财产保险 Consideration consists of a legal detriment (损害)and a bargain. A legal detriment is a promise to do something or refrain（避免） from doing something that you have the legal right to do , or actually doing something that you don’t have to do. A bargain is something the promissor (the party making promise or offer) wants, usually being one of the legal detriments. The legal detriment and bargain principles come together in consideration and create an exchange relationship, when both parties agree to exchange something that the other wishes to have. Definition Consideration is some benefit received by a party who gives a promise or performs an act, or some detriment suffered by a party who receives a promise. It may also be defined as ‘that which is actually given or accepted in return for a promise’. Consideration is defined by the court in Currie v. Misa (1875) L.R. 10 Ex 153 as ‘some right, interest, profit or benefit accruing（产生） to one party, or some fo