基于FPGA的直流电动机调速系统设计.docVIP

中北大学2013届毕业设计说明书 第  PAGE 53 页 共  NUMPAGES 53 页 基于FPGA直流电动机调速系统 摘 要：直流电动机是人类最早发明和应用的一种电动机。与交流电动机相比，直流电动机因结构复杂、维护困难、价格较贵等缺点制约了它的发展，应用不如交流电动机广泛。但由于直流电动机具有优良的起动、调速和制动性能，因此在工业领域中仍占有一席之地。 文章详细地介绍了直流电动机的结构、工作原理、PWM调速原理以及FPGA集成芯片。并对直流电动机PWM调速系统方案的组成、硬件电路设计、程序设计及系统仿真分别进行了详细的叙述。拟开发的直流电机PWM调速装置具有调速范围宽、低功耗、可实现在线调试等特点。本系统是以FPGA为其控制核心，输入电路以键盘作为输入方式向FPGA控制系统发出控制命令，以有源晶振构成的时钟电路发出信号。控制系统接收命令后直接向H型桥式驱动电路发出PWM控制信号。输出电路主要实现正反转、起停控制、速度在线可调功能。本设计已通过了实验仿真。 关键词：直流电动机，PWM，FPGA，调速控制 DC motor speed control system based on FPGA Abstract：DC motor is the first human invention and application of an electric motor. Compared with AC motors, DC motors due to structural complexity and difficult to maintain, more expensive and other shortcomings hampered its development, as AC motors are widely applied. However, due to DC motor has excellent starting, speed and braking performance, so in the industrial sector is still a place. Article detailed description of the DC motor structure, working principle, PWM speed control principle and FPGA integrated chip. PWM DC motor speed control system and program components, the hardware circuit design, programming and system simulation, respectively, for a detailed description. To be developed PWM DC motor speed control device has a wide speed range, low power consumption, enabling online debugging features. The system is based on FPGA core for its control, the input circuit to the keyboard as input to the FPGA control system sends control commands to the active crystal clock circuit consisting of a signal. The control system receives the command directly to the H-bridge driver circuit send a PWM control signal. Output circuit mainly achieve positive, start-stop control, speed adjustable function online. This design has passed the experimental simulation. Keywords：DC motor， PWM， FPGA， Speed ??Control 目录 1 引言 1 1.1 课题的来源 1 1.2 课题研究的目的和意义 2 1.3 课题国内外研究现状 2