第6章光纤无源及有源器件技巧.ppt

第6章 光纤无源及有源器件 ;作用：实现光信号的连接、能量分路/合路、波长复用/解复用、光路转换、能量衰减、方向阻隔、光-电-光转换、光信号放大、光信号调制等功能。是构成光纤通信系统的必备元件。光器件是具有上述一种功能的元器件的总称。;光无源器件;光有源器件;光器件与电器件的类比;球透镜与自聚焦透镜;自聚焦透镜;自聚焦透镜的基本特征;直角坐标系中的射线方程;10;11;光线的传播轨迹;透镜传输矩阵;近轴子午光线近似;透镜传输矩阵;矩阵光学符号公约;透镜成像矩阵;总成像矩阵;GRIN透镜的成像（I）;GRIN透镜的成像（II）;GRIN透镜的成像（III）;GRIN透镜的成像（III）;GRIN透镜的成像（IV）;GRIN透镜的成像（V）;透镜成像性质;GRIN透镜的应用：准直-聚焦;0.25P lens:on axis;0.25P lens：off axis;GRIN透镜的应用：光源耦合;0.23P lens：angle compress;0.29P lens：facula compress;自聚焦透镜的重要特性;6.2 光纤定向耦合器 ;34;35;耦合器的分类;6.2.2 耦合器的工作原理 ;1.平行光纤之间的耦合;基模场间的耦合方程;边界条件:;经“L”长度后，从“1”号光纤耦合到“2”号光纤的光功率为：;两参数相同光纤的耦合;耦合长度 ;相同波长光信号耦合;光互易定理;不同波长光信号的耦合(分波);不同波长光信号的耦合(合波);2.两弯曲光纤之间的耦合;光纤耦合器WDM;1XN 耦合器;Tap 耦合器;星型耦合器;性能参数;制备工艺;6.3 光隔离器与环行器 ;1. 光隔离器;法拉第效应 ;偏振相关光隔离器;59;偏振无关光隔离器;同轴结构光隔离器;应用;2. 光环形器 ;顺序传输;逆序传输;应用;Isolators;课堂练习;6.4 光纤光栅 ;衍射光栅 ;光纤光栅;分类;where ?? is the effective refractive index of the grating in the fiber core and ? is the grating period. ;工作原理;结构参数;性能参数;工作原理;常见结构;Structure of the refractive index change in a uniform FBG (1), a chirped FBG (2), a tilted FBG (3), and a superstructure FBG (4). ;Refractive index profile in the core of, 1) a uniform positive-only FBG, 2) a Gaussian-apodized FBG, 3) a raised-cosine-apodized FBG with zero-dc change, and 4) a discrete phase shift FBG. ;分析理论;Dielectric Fabry-Perot Filters;反射谱;切趾光栅（变迹光栅）;多波长光纤光栅;啁啾光栅;啁啾切趾光栅;Caused by expansion and contraction of the fibre with temperature and consequent change in the spacing of the RI variations in the core; or a variation in the RI of the fibre itself with temperature. The unpackaged grating: a total variation of about 1 nm over a temperature range of 80°C!;FBG Packaging for Passive Thermal Compensation;闪耀光栅;长周期光栅;Principle;Phase-Shifted FBGs;Writing the Grating光纤光栅的制作;(1) Make the fibre core more sensitive;(2) Writing the Grating;Interference Pattern Technique;Phase Mask Technique;Summary for FBGs;Applications of FBGs;Using in Dispersion Compensation;Using in OADM ;In-Fibre Bragg Grating Filters;Using in OADM;F