Pygmalion学案5.docVIP

【学习目标】过去分词作状语 【学习内容】 一、过去分词作状语时,可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随情况等。 When completed, the library will be open to the public next year. (时间)图书馆修建完工后,将于明年向公众开放。 Trapped in the mountains, they had to call the police for help. (原因)由于被困山中,他们只得向警察求助。 Given more time, we would have finished the job much better. (条件)如果我们有更多时间,我们会把工作完成得更好。 Although wounded all over, the brave soldiers continued to fight. (让步)虽然伤痕累累,勇士们仍坚持战斗。 Mr Zhang was sitting in the room, lost in thought of the past. (伴随)张先生坐在房间里,陷入对往事的回忆中。 温馨提示:过去分词作状语, 句子的主语并构成被动关系。 二、与状语从句的转换 1.过去分词短语作时间状语,可转换为when, while或after等引导的时间状语从句。 Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful.→When it is seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful.从山顶上往下看,这座公园看起来更加漂亮。 2.作条件状语,可转换为if, once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。 United we will stand; divided we will fall.→If we are united we will stand; if we are divided we will fall. 团结就是胜利;分裂必然失败。 3.作原因状语,可转换为as, since或because等引导的原因状语从句。 Encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder.→As he is encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder. 由于受到所取得进步的鼓舞,他工作更努力了。 4.作让步状语,可转换为although, though或even if等引导的让步状语从句。 Exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey. →Although we were exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey. 虽然爬得很累,但我们仍然继续自己的旅程。 5.作方式状语,如有连词as if,就转换为as if引导的方式状语从句。 He began to cry as if bitten by a snake.→He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake. 他大叫起来,好像被蛇咬了。 6.作伴随状语,一般转换为并列结构。 Aunt Wu came in, followed by her daughter. →Aunt Wu came in, and (she) was followed by her daughter. 吴阿姨走进来,(她)后面跟着她的女儿。 三、连词+过去分词 分词作时间、条件或让步状语时,为了明确其意义,有时可在分词前加上when, while, if, once, unless, although等连词。相当于状语从句的省略。 If merely drawn on your imagination, the report will not be convincing. 假若仅靠你的想象去写,报告是不会有说服力的 Once (it is) seen, it will not be forgotten. 只要看见就不会忘记。 温馨提示:before, after一般不与过去分词连用,因为这两个词还可作介词,后要接being done的形式。 四、分词的独立结构 1.分词作状语时,要特别注意其逻辑主语必须和谓语动词的主语一致。否则,分词必须有自己的主语,这种带主语的分词被称为分词的独立结构,或叫独立主格,在句中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件等。如果主语和动词是被动关系,就要用过去分词;如果是主动关系,则用现在分